{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T15:27:49Z","timestamp":1790954869567,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2379,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aims of this study were to: (i) report the baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Dapagliflozin And Prevention of Adverse-outcomes in Heart Failure (DAPA-HF) trial, (ii) compare DAPA-HF patients to participants in contemporary heart failure (HF) registries and in other recent HF trials, and (iii) compare individuals with diabetes, pre-diabetes and a normal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in DAPA-HF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with HF in New York Heart Association functional class \u2265\u2009II, a left ventricular ejection fraction \u2264\u200940%, an elevated N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentration and receiving standard treatment were eligible for DAPA-HF, which is comparing dapagliflozin 10\u2009mg once daily to matching placebo. In patients without a history of diabetes, previously undiagnosed diabetes was defined as a confirmed HbA1c \u2265\u20096.5%. Among patients without known or undiagnosed diabetes, pre-diabetes was defined as a HbA1c \u2265\u20095.7% The remainder of patients, with a HbA1c &amp;lt;\u20095.7%, were defined as normoglycaemic. Of the 4744 patients\u2020 (mean age 66\u2009years; 23% women) randomized, 42% had known diabetes and 3% undiagnosed diabetes. Of the remainder, 67% had pre-diabetes and 33% normal HbA1c. Overall, DAPA-HF patients were generally similar to those in recent registries and in relevant trials and had high levels of background therapy: 94% angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor\/angiotensin receptor blocker\/angiotensin receptor\u2013neprilysin inhibitor, 96% beta-blocker, and 71% mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; 26% had a defibrillator. Patients with diabetes had worse HF status, more co-morbidity, and greater renal impairment but received similar HF therapy. Patients with diabetes received non-insulin hypoglycaemic therapy alone in 49%, insulin alone in 11%, both in 14%, and none in 26%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients randomized in DAPA-HF were similar to those in other contemporary HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) registries and trials. These patients were receiving recommended HFrEF therapy and those with diabetes were also treated with conventional glucose-lowering therapy. Consequently, DAPA-HF will test the incremental efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in HFrEF patients with and without diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03036124<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T02:34:45Z","timestamp":1563244485000},"page":"1402-1411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":204,"title":["The Dapagliflozin And Prevention of Adverse-Outcomes in Heart Failure (DAPA-HF) Trial: Baseline Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"John J.V.","family":"McMurray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"DeMets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio E.","family":"Inzucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"K\u00f8ber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail N.","family":"Kosiborod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Langkilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe A.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Cordoba , Cordoba ,","place":["Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Bengtsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ponikowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc S.","family":"Sabatine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikaela","family":"Sj\u00f6strand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720","article-title":"Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes","volume":"373","author":"Zinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925","article-title":"Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Neal","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812389","article-title":"Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"380","author":"Wiviott","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.2275","article-title":"Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for the treatment of patients with heart failure: proposal of a novel mechanism of action","volume":"2","author":"Packer","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4670-7","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitors and mechanisms of cardiovascular benefit: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"61","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.06.040","article-title":"Cardiac and renal effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in diabetes: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"72","author":"Zelniker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035759","article-title":"Improvement in cardiovascular outcomes with empagliflozin is independent of glycemic control","volume":"138","author":"Inzucchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030012","article-title":"Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition in heart failure: potential mechanisms, clinical applications, and summary of clinical trials","volume":"136","author":"Lytvyn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1515920","article-title":"Empagliflozin and progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Wanner","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1432","article-title":"A trial to evaluate the effect of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (DAPA-HF)","volume":"21","author":"McMurray","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.813","article-title":"Epidemiology and one-year outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved, mid-range and reduced ejection fraction: an analysis of the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry","volume":"19","author":"Chioncel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft134","article-title":"Are hospitalized or ambulatory patients with heart failure treated in accordance with European Society of Cardiology guidelines? Evidence from 12,440 patients of the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry","volume":"15","author":"Maggioni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004668","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.118.004668","article-title":"Health status variation across practices in outpatients with heart failure: insights from the CHAMP-HF (Change the Management of Patients with Heart Failure) registry","volume":"11","author":"Khariton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.04.070","article-title":"Medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the CHAMP-HF registry","volume":"72","author":"Greene","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw331","article-title":"Regional and ethnic differences among patients with heart failure in Asia: the Asian sudden cardiac death in heart failure registry","volume":"37","author":"Lam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1358","article-title":"Impact of diabetes and sex in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients from the ASIAN-HF registry","volume":"21","author":"Chandramouli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1008","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30306-1","article-title":"Prescribing patterns of evidence-based heart failure pharmacotherapy and outcomes in the ASIAN-HF registry: a cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Teng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1409077","article-title":"Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure","volume":"371","author":"McMurray","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1514859","article-title":"Aliskiren, enalapril, or aliskiren and enalapril in heart failure","volume":"374","author":"McMurray","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61198-1","article-title":"Ivabradine and outcomes in chronic heart failure (SHIFT): a randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"376","author":"Swedberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1808848","article-title":"Rivaroxaban in patients with heart failure, sinus rhythm, and coronary disease","volume":"379","author":"Zannad","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.933","article-title":"The potential role and rationale for treatment of heart failure with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Butler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.896","article-title":"Aliskiren alone or in combination with enalapril vs. enalapril among patients with chronic heart failure with and without diabetes: a subgroup analysis from the ATMOSPHERE trial","volume":"20","author":"Kristensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h4451","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h4451","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of digoxin: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and controlled trial data","volume":"351","author":"Ziff","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2647","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.18533","article-title":"Association between hospital penalty status under the hospital readmission reduction program and readmission rates for target and nontarget conditions","volume":"316","author":"Desai","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002560","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002560","article-title":"Risk related to pre-diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: insights from Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure trial","volume":"9","author":"Kristensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e005156","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.005156","article-title":"Prognostic impact of diabetes and prediabetes on survival outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure: a post-hoc analysis of the GISSI-HF (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nella Insufficienza Cardiaca-Heart Failure) Trial","volume":"6","author":"Dauriz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq167","article-title":"The cardiorenal anaemia syndrome in systolic heart failure: prevalence, clinical correlates, and long-term survival","volume":"13","author":"Scrutinio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e009237","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.009237","article-title":"Characteristics and treatments of patients enrolled in the CHAMP-HF registry compared with patients enrolled in the PARADIGM-HF trial","volume":"7","author":"DeVore","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30087-6","article-title":"Effect of sacubitril\/valsartan versus enalapril on glycaemic control in patients with heart failure and diabetes: a post-hoc analysis from the PARADIGM-HF trial","volume":"5","author":"Seferovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.347","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ivabradine in patients with chronic systolic heart failure and diabetes: an analysis from the SHIFT trial","volume":"17","author":"Komajda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2016","article-title":"Association between diabetes and 1-year adverse clinical outcomes in a multinational cohort of ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure: results from the ESC-HFA Heart Failure Long-Term Registry","volume":"40","author":"Dauriz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13511","article-title":"Management of patients with diabetes and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: an international comparison","volume":"21","author":"Arnold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1203858","article-title":"Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia","volume":"367","author":"Gerstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs153","article-title":"Association between diabetes mellitus and post-discharge outcomes in patients hospitalized with heart failure: findings from the EVEREST trial","volume":"15","author":"Sarma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164116637311","article-title":"Considerably decreased risk of cardiovascular disease with combined reductions in HbA1c, blood pressure and blood lipids in type 2 diabetes: report from the Swedish National Diabetes Register","volume":"13","author":"Eeg-Olofsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diab Vasc Dis Res"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.05.016","article-title":"Patterns of glucose-lowering medication use in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure. Insights from the Diabetes Collaborative Registry (DCR)","volume":"203","author":"Arnold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026011721323153600_ejhf1548-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1170","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure: a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"20","author":"Seferovi\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ejhf.1548","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ejhf.1548","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/21\/11\/1402\/66192339\/eurjhf_21_11_1402.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/21\/11\/1402\/66192339\/eurjhf_21_11_1402.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T02:33:06Z","timestamp":1768703586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article\/21\/11\/1402\/8407178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.1548","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-9842","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-0844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}