{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T17:50:24Z","timestamp":1768931424980,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00HL107642"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00HL107642"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000863","name":"Ellison Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000863","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-invasive measures of cardiac mechanical function may have the potential to serve as markers of risk for heart failure; however, limited data exist regarding clinical correlates and heritability of these measures in the community.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess LV strain and synchrony in the Framingham Offspring Study (n = 2816; mean age 67 years, 54% women). In multivariable regression analyses, male gender (vs. female, P &amp;lt; 0.001), higher heart rate (P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and presence of cardiovascular disease (P &amp;lt; 0.001) were associated with worse global peak strains across all planes analysed (longitudinal, transverse, circumferential, and radial). Higher diastolic blood pressure and diabetes were associated with worse longitudinal strain (P &amp;lt; 0.01), and greater body mass index was associated with worse radial strain (P = 0.0004). Overall, however, clinical correlates accounted for only 4\u201319% of the variation in measures of LV mechanical function. Select measures of LV strain were heritable: longitudinal strain (h2\u2009=\u200916%, P = 0.002), transverse strain (h2\u2009=\u200915%, P = 0.006), and circumferential strain (h2\u2009=\u200930%, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Furthermore, in a subset of 1437 participants with parental data available, parental heart failure was associated with worse circumferential strain in the offspring free of heart failure (P = 0.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our investigation in a large community-based sample identified heritablity and clinical correlates of LV mechanical function, and highlighted an association of parental heart failure with worse global circumferential strain in offspring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T06:17:29Z","timestamp":1417414649000},"page":"44-50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Left Ventricular Mechanical Function: Clinical Correlates, Heritability, and Association with Parental Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Susan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth L.","family":"McCabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin G.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Huei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Osypiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgitta T.","family":"Lehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Plamen","family":"Stantchev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayashri","family":"Aragam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Administration Hospital , West Roxbury, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emelia J.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Preventive Medicine and Cardiology Sections, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramachandran S.","family":"Vasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study , Framingham, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Preventive Medicine and Cardiology Sections, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011921080433700_ejhf202-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.109.862334","article-title":"Prediction of all-cause mortality from global longitudinal speckle strain: comparison with ejection fraction and wall motion 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