{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T19:59:41Z","timestamp":1789070381908,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641859200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Heart Fail"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Remote monitoring of pulmonary artery pressure has reduced heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in chronic HF as elevation of pulmonary artery pressure provides information that can guide treatment. The venous system is characterized by high capacitance, thus substantial increases in intravascular volume can occur before filling pressures increase. The inferior vena cava (IVC) is a highly compliant venous conduit and thus a candidate for early detection of change in intravascular volume. We aimed to compare IVC cross\u2010sectional area using a novel sensor with cardiac filling pressures during experimental manipulation of volume status, vascular tone, and cardiac function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Experiments were conducted in sheep to manipulate volume status (colloid infusion), vascular tone (nitroglycerin infusion) and cardiac function (rapid cardiac pacing). A wireless implantable IVC sensor was validated\n                      <jats:italic>ex\u2010vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in\u2010vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and then used to measure the cross\u2010sectional area of the IVC. Right\u2010 and left\u2010sided cardiac filling pressures were obtained via right heart catheterization. The IVC sensor provided highly accurate and precise measurements of cross\u2010sectional area in\n                      <jats:italic>ex\u2010vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in\u2010vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      validation. IVC area changes were more sensitive than the corresponding changes in cardiac filling pressures during colloid infusion (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), vasodilatation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and cardiac dysfunction induced by rapid pacing (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inferior vena cava area can be remotely and accurately measured in real time with a wireless implantable sensor. Changes in IVC area are more sensitive than corresponding changes in filling pressures following experimental volume loading and fluid redistribution. Additional research is warranted to understand if remote monitoring of the IVC may have advantages over pressure\u2010based monitors in HF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,27]],"date-time":"2021-11-27T08:25:46Z","timestamp":1638001546000},"page":"455-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Changes in inferior vena cava area represent a more sensitive metric than changes in filling pressures during experimental manipulation of intravascular volume and tone"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Juan B.","family":"Ivey\u2010Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Hospital de Cardiolog\u00eda Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Wetterling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIRE1  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIRE1  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Sheridan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FIRE1  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Asher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veena S.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Maulion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devin","family":"Mahoney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Mebazaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Inserm 942 MASCOT, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, H\u00f4pital Lariboisi\u00e8re, DMU Parabol, APHP Nord  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alastair P.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Burkhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Foundation  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin R.","family":"Cowie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular Medicine &amp; 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