{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:34:55Z","timestamp":1791506095647,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,16]],"date-time":"2022-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Heart Fail"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sudden death is a devastating complication of heart failure (HF). Current guidelines recommend an implantable cardioverter\u2010defibrillator (ICD) for prevention of sudden death in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) specifically those with a left ventricular ejection fraction \u226435% after at least 3\u2009months of optimized HF treatment. The benefit of ICD in patients with symptomatic HFrEF caused by coronary artery disease has been well documented; however, the evidence for a benefit of prophylactic ICD implantation in patients with HFrEF of non\u2010ischaemic aetiology is less strong. Angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta\u2010blockers (BB), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) block the deleterious actions of angiotensin II, norepinephrine, and aldosterone, respectively. Neprilysin inhibition potentiates the actions of endogenous natriuretic peptides that mitigate adverse ventricular remodelling. BB, MRA, angiotensin receptor\u2013neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) have a favourable effect on reduction of sudden cardiac death in HFrEF. Recent data suggest a beneficial effect of sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in reducing serious ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with HFrEF. So, in the current era of new drugs for HFrEF and with the optimal use of disease\u2010modifying therapies (BB, MRA, ARNI and SGLT2i), we might need to reconsider the need and timing for use of ICD as primary prevention of sudden death, especially in HF of non\u2010ischaemic aetiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T12:40:07Z","timestamp":1656247207000},"page":"1460-1466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Prevention of sudden death in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: do we still need\u00a0an implantable cardioverter\u2010defibrillator for primary prevention?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Magdy","family":"Abdelhamid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy, Cardiology Department Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Rosano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St George's Hospitals, NHS Trust University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Metra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia and Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stamatis","family":"Adamopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure \u2010 Transplant \u2010 Mechanical Circulatory Support Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"B\u00f6hm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitatsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik fur Innere Medizin III, Saarland University, Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin  Homburg\/Saar Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ovidiu","family":"Chioncel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases \u2018Prof. C.C. Iliescu\u2019 University of Medicine Carol Davila  Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos","family":"Filippatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine University Hospital Attikon  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa A.","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Heart Diseases Wroclaw Medical University  Wroclaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yury","family":"Lopatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Volgograd State Medical University, Regional Cardiology Centre  Volgograd Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Heart and Vascular Theme Karolinska 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