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We examined the association between cancer history and outcomes in trial participants with HF and reduced (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We combined PARADIGM-HF and ATMOSPHERE, which enrolled HFrEF patients (n = 15\u2009415) and we pooled HFpEF patients (ejection fraction \u226545%) enrolled in PARAGON-HF and CHARM-Preserved (n = 7363). The associations between cancer history, cardiovascular (CV) death, HF hospitalization, non-CV and all-cause death in these trials were examined. Incident cancer diagnoses during these trials were also measured. There were 658 (4.3%) and 624 (8.5%) patients with a cancer history in the HFrEF and HFpEF trials, respectively. HFrEF patients with a cancer history had a higher risk of HF hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07\u20131.52, p = 0.007) and non-CV death (adjusted HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.16\u20132.12, p = 0.003) than those without. The risks of other outcomes were similar. There were no differences in the risk of any outcome in HFpEF patients with and without a cancer history. Adjusting for age and sex, the incidence of new cancer in the HFrEF and HFpEF trials was 1.09 (95% CI 0.83\u20131.36) and 1.07 (95% CI 0.81\u20131.32) per 100 person-years, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although participants in HFrEF trials with a cancer history had higher risks of HF hospitalization and non-CV death than those without, the risks of CV and all-cause death were similar. Outcomes in HFpEF patients with and without a cancer history were similar. Incident cancer diagnoses were similar in HFrEF and HFpEF trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T06:35:32Z","timestamp":1678862132000},"page":"488-496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with a History of Cancer Recruited to Heart Failure Trials"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Stephen J.H.","family":"Dobbin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University , Hangzhou ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milton","family":"Packer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.V.","family":"McMurray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8441-6887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ninian N.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pardeep S.","family":"Jhund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow , Glasgow 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