{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T10:07:15Z","timestamp":1792922835405,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intravenous (IV) iron increases haemoglobin\/haematocrit and improves outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and iron deficiency. Sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) also increase haemoglobin\/haematocrit and improve outcomes in heart failure by mechanisms linked to nutrient deprivation signalling and reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress. The effect of IV iron among patients using SGLT2i has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in haemoglobin, haematocrit, and iron biomarkers in HFrEF patients treated with IV iron with and without background SGLT2i treatment. Secondary outcomes included changes in natriuretic peptides, kidney function and heart failure-associated outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective, single-centre analysis of HFrEF patients with iron deficiency treated with IV iron using (n\u2009=\u200960) and not using (n\u2009=\u200960) SGLT2i, matched for age and sex. Mean age was 73\u2009\u00b1\u200912\u2009years, 48% were men, with more than 65% of patients having chronic kidney disease and anaemia. After adjustment for all baseline differences, SGLT2i users experienced a greater increase in haemoglobin and haematocrit compared to SGLT2i non-users: haemoglobin +0.57\u2009g\/dl (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04\u20131.10, p\u2009=\u20090.036) and haematocrit +1.64% (95% CI 0.18\u20133.11, p\u2009=\u20090.029). No significant differences were noted for iron biomarkers or any of the secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined treatment with IV iron and background SGLT2i was associated with a greater increase in haemoglobin and haematocrit than IV iron without background SGLT2i. These results suggest that in HFrEF patients treated with IV iron, SGLT2i may increase the erythropoietic response. Further studies are needed to ascertain the potential benefit or harm of combining these two treatments in heart failure patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T03:29:30Z","timestamp":1691638170000},"page":"2191-2198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Erythropoietic Response After Intravenous Iron in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction with and Without Background Treatment with Sodium\u2013Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1120-5461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center (UnIC@RISE), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milton","family":"Packer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute , Dallas, TX ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Imperial College , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana T.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Vasques-N\u00f3voa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center (UnIC@RISE), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, DREAM-CV Lab, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Mavrakanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Fri\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center (UnIC@RISE), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center (UnIC@RISE), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques, CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine , Nancy ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010913105297600_ejhf2992-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2333","article-title":"2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 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