{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T03:02:48Z","timestamp":1794020568829,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diagnosing heart failure is often difficult due to the non-specific nature of symptoms, which can be caused by a range of medical conditions. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) have been recognized as important biomarkers for diagnosing heart failure. This document from the Heart Failure Association examines the practical uses of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in various clinical scenarios. The concentrations of NT-proBNP vary according to the patient profile and the clinical scenario, therefore values should be interpreted with caution to ensure appropriate diagnosis. Validated cut-points are provided to rule in or rule out acute heart failure in the emergency department and to diagnose de novo heart failure in the outpatient setting. We also coin the concept of \u2018heart stress\u2019 when NT-proBNP levels are elevated in an asymptomatic patient with risk factors for heart failure (i.e. diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease), underlying the development of cardiac dysfunction and further increased risk. We propose a simple acronym for healthcare professionals and patients, FIND-HF, which serves as a prompt to consider heart failure: Fatigue, Increased water accumulation, Natriuretic peptide testing, and Dyspnoea. Use of this acronym would enable the early diagnosis of heart failure. Overall, understanding and utilizing NT-proBNP levels will lead to earlier and more accurate diagnoses of heart failure ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T05:51:17Z","timestamp":1694757077000},"page":"1891-1898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":276,"title":["Practical Algorithms for Early Diagnosis of Heart Failure and Heart Stress Using NT-proBNP: A Clinical Consensus Statement from the Heart Failure Association of the ESC"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3044-197X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoni","family":"Bayes-Genis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Unbiversitari Germasn Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, CIBERCV , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kieran F.","family":"Docherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark C.","family":"Petrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Januzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel , Basel ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's, University of London and St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biykem","family":"Bozkurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine Medicine, DeBakey VA Medical Center , Houston, TX ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javed","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas and University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, MS ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ovidiu","family":"Chioncel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases \u2018Prof. C.C. Iliescu\u2019, and, University of Medicine Carol Davila , Bucharest ,","place":["Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.F.","family":"Cleland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow , Glasgow ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruxandra","family":"Christodorescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department V Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy V. Babes Timisoara, Institute of Cardiology Research Center , Timi\u0219oara ,","place":["Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Del Prato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies , Pisa ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Finn","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn S.P.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart Centre Singapore, Duke-National University of Singapore , Singapore ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CINTESIS \u2013 Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Servi\u00e7os de Sa\u00fade , Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]},{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Cardiologia, Hospital das For\u00e7as Armadas , P\u00f3lo do Porto ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodica","family":"Pop-Busui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petar","family":"Seferovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade , Belgrade ,","place":["Serbia"]},{"name":"Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts , Belgrade ,","place":["Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Volterrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio Pulmonary Department, IRCCS San Raffaele , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Exercise Science and Medicine, San Raffaele Open University , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muthiah","family":"Vaduganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Metra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Cardio-Thoracic Department, Civil Hospitals; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Rosano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2333","article-title":"2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC","volume":"24","author":"McDonagh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0002","first-page":"741","article-title":"The Task Force on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"16","author":"Guidelines for the diagnosis of heart failure","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.12.011","article-title":"AHA\/ACC\/HFSA Guideline for the management of heart failure: Executive summary: A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"79","author":"Heidenreich","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2021-0377","article-title":"Pre-analytical considerations in biomarker research: Focus on cardiovascular disease","volume":"59","author":"Revuelta-L\u00f3pez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med."},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.2337\/dci22-0014","article-title":"Heart failure: An underappreciated complication of diabetes. A consensus report of the American Diabetes Association","volume":"45","author":"Pop-Busui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2115","article-title":"Universal definition and classification of heart failure: A report of the Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology, Japanese Heart Failure Society and Writing Committee of the Universal Definition of Heart Failure: Endorsed by the Canadian Heart Failure Society, Heart Failure Association of India, Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand, and Chinese Heart Failure Association","volume":"23","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.813","article-title":"Epidemiology and one-year outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved, mid-range and reduced ejection fraction: An analysis of the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry","volume":"19","author":"Chioncel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115146","article-title":"Brain natriuretic peptide as a novel cardiac hormone in humans. Evidence for an exquisite dual natriuretic peptide system, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide","volume":"87","author":"Mukoyama","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.3.355","article-title":"Deconvolution analysis of cardiac natriuretic peptides during acute volume overload","volume":"36","author":"Pemberton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2346","article-title":"Circulating heart failure biomarkers beyond natriuretic peptides: Review from the Biomarker Study Group of the Heart Failure Association (HFA), European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"23","author":"Meijers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2007.05.025","article-title":"Stability of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in whole blood and plasma stored under different conditions when measured with the Biosite Triage or Beckman-Coulter Access systems","volume":"384","author":"Azzazy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2021.09.007","article-title":"Early B-type natriuretic peptide change in HFrEF patients treated with sacubitril\/valsartan: A pooled analysis of EVALUATE-HF and PROVE-HF","volume":"10","author":"Myhre","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvac148","article-title":"Comparative effect of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition on B-type natriuretic peptide levels measured by three different assays: The PROVE-HF study","volume":"68","author":"Myhre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2143","article-title":"The Heart Failure Association Atlas: Heart failure epidemiology and management statistics 2019","volume":"23","author":"Seferovi\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1494","article-title":"Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology practical guidance on the use of natriuretic peptide concentrations","volume":"21","author":"Mueller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-312183","article-title":"Routes to diagnosis of heart failure: Observational study using linked data in England","volume":"104","author":"Bottle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.7.741","article-title":"Clinical uncertainty, diagnostic accuracy, and outcomes in emergency department patients presenting with dyspnea","volume":"168","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01156-6","article-title":"Utility of B-type natriuretic peptide in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure in an urgent-care setting","volume":"37","author":"Dao","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2005.04.003","article-title":"Prevalence of negative chest radiography results in the emergency department patient with decompensated heart failure","volume":"47","author":"Collins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2003.12.013","article-title":"N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the emergency diagnosis and in-hospital monitoring of patients with dyspnoea and ventricular dysfunction","volume":"6","author":"Bay\u00e9s-Gen\u00eds","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-153-11-201012070-00006","article-title":"Meta-analysis: Effect of B-type natriuretic peptide testing on clinical outcomes in patients with acute dyspnea in the emergency setting","volume":"153","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.666255","article-title":"N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide testing improves the management of patients with suspected acute heart failure: Primary results of the Canadian prospective randomized multicenter IMPROVE-CHF study","volume":"115","author":"Moe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1471","article-title":"Prospective validation of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide cut-off concentrations for the diagnosis of acute heart failure","volume":"21","author":"Kozhuharov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa031681","article-title":"Use of B-type natriuretic peptide in the evaluation and management of acute dyspnea","volume":"350","author":"Mueller","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.01.036","article-title":"Economic evaluation of an N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide-supported diagnostic strategy among dyspneic patients suspected of acute heart failure in the emergency department","volume":"147","author":"Siebert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1081","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of B-type natriuretic peptide testing in patients with acute dyspnea","volume":"166","author":"Mueller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi631","article-title":"NT-proBNP testing for diagnosis and short-term prognosis in acute destabilized heart failure: An international pooled analysis of 1256 patients: The International Collaborative of NT-proBNP study","volume":"27","author":"Januzzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.01.021","article-title":"N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency department: The ICON-RELOADED study","volume":"71","author":"Januzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.4.400","article-title":"Effect of body mass index on diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patients with acute dyspnea","volume":"167","author":"Bayes-Genis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.06.056","article-title":"Amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, renal function, and outcomes in acute heart failure: Redefining the cardiorenal interaction?","volume":"48","author":"van Kimmenade","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.084533","article-title":"Impact of renal disease on natriuretic peptide testing for diagnosing decompensated heart failure and predicting mortality","volume":"53","author":"de Filippi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.06.020","article-title":"Usefulness of aminoterminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide testing for the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of dyspneic patients with diabetes mellitus seen in the emergency department (from the PRIDE study)","volume":"100","author":"O'Donoghue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068424","article-title":"CoDE-HF investigators. Development and validation of a decision support tool for the diagnosis of acute heart failure: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and modelling study","volume":"377","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.11.018","article-title":"Importance and interpretation of intermediate (gray zone) amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations","volume":"101","author":"van Kimmenade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2013-303632","article-title":"A novel discharge risk model for patients hospitalised for acute decompensated heart failure incorporating N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels: A European coLlaboration on Acute decompeNsated Heart Failure: ELAN-HF score","volume":"100","author":"Salah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl449","article-title":"Long-term clinical variation of NT-proBNP in stable chronic heart failure patients","volume":"28","author":"Schou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.120485","article-title":"Are serial BNP measurements useful in heart failure management? Serial natriuretic peptide measurements are useful in heart failure management","volume":"127","author":"Januzzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0038","first-page":"881","article-title":"Long term trends in natriuretic peptide testing for heart failure in UK primary care: A cohort study","volume":"43","author":"Roalfe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0039","first-page":"892","article-title":"'Peptide for Life' in primary care: Work in progress","volume":"43","author":"Bayes-Genis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0040","volume-title":"Heart failure guidance","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.121.009427","article-title":"Reference ranges for NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) and risk factors for higher NT-proBNP concentrations in a large general population cohort","volume":"15","author":"Welsh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfad024","article-title":"NT-proBNP reference intervals in healthy U.S. children, adolescents, and adults","volume":"8","author":"Mu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Appl Lab Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.0680","article-title":"Sex and race differences in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide concentration and absolute risk of heart failure in the community","volume":"7","author":"Myhre","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2013-0791","article-title":"Age- and gender-specific brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) reference ranges in primary care","volume":"52","author":"Keyzer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq163","article-title":"Age-dependent values of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide are superior to a single cut-point for ruling out suspected systolic dysfunction in primary care","volume":"31","author":"Hildebrandt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab082","article-title":"The struggle towards a universal definition of heart failure \u2013 how to proceed?","volume":"42","author":"Cleland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2021-319196","article-title":"Natriuretic peptide level at heart failure diagnosis and risk of hospitalisation and death in England 2004-2018","volume":"108","author":"Taylor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30196-6","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides and integrated risk assessment for cardiovascular disease: An individual-participant-data meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Natriuretic Peptides Studies Collaboration","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010389","article-title":"SAVOR-TIMI 53 Steering Committee and Investigators*. Heart failure, saxagliptin, and diabetes mellitus: Observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 randomized trial","volume":"130","author":"Scirica","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.8.1929","article-title":"Elevated plasma levels of Nt-proBNP in patients with type 2 diabetes without overt cardiovascular disease","volume":"27","author":"Magnusson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2026080801264435400_ejhf3036-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000647","article-title":"Predictors of heart failure development in type 2 diabetes: A practical approach","volume":"34","author":"Verma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/25\/11\/1891\/65556163\/eurjhf_25_11_1891.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/25\/11\/1891\/65556163\/eurjhf_25_11_1891.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T05:26:55Z","timestamp":1786166815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article\/25\/11\/1891\/8342908"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.3036","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-9842","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-0844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}