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During AHF, there is an increased risk of destabilizing the functional substrate and modulatory adding to the risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) already created by the structural substrate. New VAs during AHF have previously identified patients with higher in-hospital and 60-day morbidity and mortality. Risk stratification and criteria\/best time point for coronary intervention and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, however, are still controversial topics in this difficult clinical setting. The characteristics and logistics of pre-hospital emergency medicine, as well as the density of centres capable of treating AHF and VAs, differ massively throughout Europe. Scientific guidelines provide clear recommendations for the management of arrhythmias in chronic heart failure patients. However, the incidence, significance, and management of arrhythmias in patients with AHF have been less studied. This consensus paper aimed to address the identification and treatment of VAs that complicate the course of patients who have AHF, including cardiogenic shock.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T20:54:12Z","timestamp":1742417652000},"page":"1606-1621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ventricular Arrhythmias in Acute Heart Failure. A Clinical Consensus Statement of the Association for Acute CardioVascular Care (ACVC), the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Bulent","family":"Gorenek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine , Eski\u015fehir ,","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrianus P.","family":"Wijnmaalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Goette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saint Vincenz Hospital Paderborn , Paderborn ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gurbet Ozge","family":"Mert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine , Eski\u015fehir ,","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Finn","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet \u2013 Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gheorghe Andrei","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila , Bucharest ,","place":["Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris","family":"Ector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven , Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Stuehlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innsbruck Medical University , Innsbruck ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Spartalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National & Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Gosau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KH Hietzing , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Offer","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center , Jerusalem ,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ovidiu","family":"Chioncel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases \u2018Prof. C.C. 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