{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T04:51:41Z","timestamp":1771390301135,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":295,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prior randomized trials have reported conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and iron deficiency (ID).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FAIR-HF2 is a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of IV ferric carboxymaltose in patients with HFrEF and ID. We report the baseline characteristics of enrolled patients and compare them with other major trials of IV iron in HFrEF (FAIR-HF, CONFIRM-HF, AFFIRM-AHF, IRONMAN, and HEART-FID). A total of 1105 patients were randomized between March 2017 and November 2023. Most patients were men (67%) and median age was 72 (interquartile range [IQR] 63\u201379) years. More than one-third had a heart failure hospitalization within the preceding 12\u2009months (36%), and 53% were hospitalized at randomization. Common comorbidities included hypertension (79%), coronary artery disease (74%), dyslipidaemia (67%), and diabetes (46%). The median left ventricular ejection fraction was 58% (IQR 42\u201377) and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 58 (IQR 42\u201377)\u2009ml\/min\/1.73\u2009m2. A total of 1064 (96%) patients were on renin\u2013angiotensin system inhibitors (angiotensin receptor\u2013neprilysin inhibitors [ARNI] 38%), 1016 (92%) on beta-blockers, and 779 (71%) on mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists; and 261 (24%) of patients were on sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which is much higher than prior trials. A higher proportion of patients had ischaemic HFrEF (78%) compared to preceding trials. The baseline median haemoglobin (g\/dl) was 12.7 (IQR 11.8\u201313.4), median serum ferritin (\u03bcg\/dl) was 63 (IQR 36\u201390), and median transferrin saturation (%) was 16.5 (IQR 11.8\u201322.9), resembling that of other trials. The mean 6-min walk distance at enrolment was 314\u2009\u00b1\u2009118\u2009m.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The FAIR-HF2 trial represents a contemporary cohort of patients with baseline characteristics mostly similar to prior trial populations. Use of SGLT2 inhibitors and ARNI in FAIR-HF2 was higher than in prior trials.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03036462.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T20:24:51Z","timestamp":1745958291000},"page":"1436-1443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ferric Carboxymaltose Assessment of Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Iron Deficiency and Chronic Heart Failure (FAIR-HF2-DZHK05) trial: Baseline Characteristics and Comparison to Other Relevant Clinical Trials"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Stefan D.","family":"Anker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Campus Virchow Klinikum , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Friede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Gottingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javed","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Baylor Scott and White Research Institute , Dallas, Texas ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khawaja M.","family":"Talha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, Illinois ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Placzek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Diek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Campus Virchow Klinikum , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nosko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriane","family":"Stas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Gottingen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kluge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Jarczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Deheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meike","family":"Rybczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg\/Kiel\/L\u00fcbeck , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Bayes-Genis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBERCV , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Edelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Campus Virchow Klinikum , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos","family":"Filippatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Hasenfu\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Gottingen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre G\u00f6ttingen, Georg August University of G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Haverkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Campus Virchow Klinikum , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitja","family":"Lainscak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Murska Sobota , Murska Sobota ,","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Landmesser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iain C.","family":"Macdougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine, King's College Hospital , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bela","family":"Merkely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , Budapest ,","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burkert M.","family":"Pieske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medicine Rostock , Rostock ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fausto J.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Academico de Medicina de Lisboa, CCUL@RISE, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon ,","place":["Portugal"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tienush","family":"Rassaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West German Heart- and Vascular Center, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Volterrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele Roma , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"San Raffaele Open University in Rome , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"von Haehling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Gottingen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Centre G\u00f6ttingen, Georg August University of G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus S.","family":"Anker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, Scotland"},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health \u2013 Center for Regenerative Therapies, and Department of Cardiology (CVK), Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9 and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Doehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9 (DHZC), Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Charit\u00e9 Mitte , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"Ince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medicine Rostock , Rostock ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Koehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular Telemedicine; Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, S\u00f6dersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Savarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9, Campus Benjamin Franklin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Rauch-Kr\u00f6hnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Berlin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, Scotland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Gori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Standort RheinMain , Frankfurt ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Trenkwalder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, German Heart Centre Munich, TUM University Hospital , Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance , Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Akin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University , Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)), Partner Site, Heidelberg\/Mannheim , Mannheim ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Paitazoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Heart Center L\u00fcbeck, Medical Clinic II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein , L\u00fcbeck ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Kobielusz-Gembala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O\u015bwi\u0119cimskie Centrum Bada\u0144 Klinicznych , Oswiecim ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Witold","family":"Zmuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O\u015bwi\u0119cimskie Centrum Bada\u0144 Klinicznych , Oswiecim ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Kuthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis 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,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026021721461632900_ejhf3658-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908355","article-title":"Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency","volume":"361","author":"Anker","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026021721461632900_ejhf3658-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu385","article-title":"Beneficial effects of long-term intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose in patients with symptomatic heart failure and iron deficiency","volume":"36","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026021721461632900_ejhf3658-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32339-4","article-title":"Ferric carboxymaltose 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