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T helper cells have been shown to be required for the production of thyroglobulin autoantibodies (Tg\u2010AAb), but a possible contribution of cytotoxic T cells in the initial phases of SAT still remains to be elucidated. Cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressive drug with selective activity on T blast formation was used as a probe to clarify this issue: (a) the immunosuppressive potential of CsA was first verified for an avian species by demonstrating prolongation of skin allograft survival; (b) posthatching treatment of OS chickens with CsA until they were killed at 3 weeks of age did not alter the frequency and severity of SAT and the incidence and titer of Tg\u2010AAb; (c) treatment of OS embryos on days 15, 17 and 19 of incubation entailed the development of significantly more severe disease and higher titers of Tg\u2010AAb as compared to controls. A possible effect of CsA on precursors of suppressor T cells in the chicken is postulated. Cytotoxic T cells seem to play a minor role in the beginning of thyroid infiltration. It is concluded that CsA may not be the drug of choice for treatment of at least some autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830121014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,28]],"date-time":"2007-02-28T14:37:05Z","timestamp":1172673425000},"page":"877-881","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Effect of cyclosporin A on spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis of Obese strain (OS) chickens"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Georg","family":"Wick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pia\u2010Ulrike","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siegfried","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01973261"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"1017","volume":"32","author":"Borel J. 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