{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:07:48Z","timestamp":1791248868786,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6915,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>T lymphocytes (E rosetting cells) isolated from the joint fluid of four patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) were first analyzed for surface antigen expression. Approximately 15% of cells were CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (interleukin, IL, 2 receptor positive), in addition, a remarkable proportion of cells expressed the CD2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>3<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> phenotype. CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells outnumbered the sum of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells as well as the cells reactive with the WT31 monoclonal antibody (which recognizes a framework determinant of the \u03b1\/\u03b2 T cell receptor). Purified T cells were cloned under culture conditions (1% phytohemagglutinin, PHA plus IL 2) which allow clonal expansion of most peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Under these conditions proliferating cells ranged from 25 to 65%; clones (derived from microcultures containing 0.5 or 0.25 cells\/well) were tested for cytolytic activity against P815 cells (in the presence of PHA) or against the natural killer (NK)\u2010sensitive K562 target cells. Fifty\u2010four percent and 73% of clones obtained from the two patients with the polyarticular form of the disease displayed cytolytic activity in the lectin\u2010dependent assay. Cytolytic clones were 22 and 29% in the two patients with single joint involvement. About half of all cytolytic clones displayed NK\u2010like activity. Surface antigen analysis revealed that, in addition to conventional CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>8<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> and CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>4<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, a noticeable fraction of clones (50\/202) displayed unusual surface phenotypes. In particular, 33\/50 coexpressed CD4 and CD8 antigens; 7\/50 were CD2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>3<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>4<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>8<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> and displayed NK\u2010like activity; 10\/50 expressed CD3 but lacked both CD4 and CD8 antigen and did not react with the WT31 monoclonal antibody. In order to allow selective growth of IL 2\u2010responsive cells, T lymphocytes were also cloned directly in IL 2. As much as 57% of all clones thus obtained (48\/84) displayed cytolytic activity. Moreover, about half expressed unusual surface phenotypes including CD2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>3<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>4<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>8<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>, CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>4<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>8<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>WT31<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>. Given the accumulation at the site of the joint involvement of unusual T cells, most of which displayed cytolytic activity and were likely to represent cells activated <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> (IL 2 responsive), one may speculate that these cells may be involved in the injury process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830171221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T00:00:15Z","timestamp":1172707215000},"page":"1815-1819","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["CD3<sup>+<\/sup>4<sup>\u2212<\/sup>8<sup>\u2212<\/sup>WT31<sup>\u2212<\/sup> (T cell receptor \u03b3<sup>+<\/sup>) cells and other unusual phenotypes are frequently detected among spontaneously interleukin 2\u2010responsive T lymphocytes present in the joint fluid in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A clonal analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"De Maria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Malnati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Moretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Pende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Bottino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Casorati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Cottafava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Melioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Mingari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Migone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Romagnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.158.2.571"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.4.1516","volume":"136","author":"Maggi E.","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. 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