{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:23:51Z","timestamp":1758709431745},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]],"date-time":"2005-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6535,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Weekly i.p. injections of IgD from birth in (SJL \u00d7 BALB\/c)F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> mice were found to accelerate the development of IgG\u2010 and IgA\u2010secreting cells and to increase the numbers of Ig\u2010secreting cells of all isotypes in 17\u201328\u2010day\u2010old mice, but not in 7\u201310\u2010day\u2010old mice. Similarly, repeated weekly injections of IgD in normal adult BALB\/c mice increased the numbers of reverse plaque\u2010forming cells\/spleen for all isotypes studied, including IgM, IgG<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, IgG<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and IgA, but not for IgD itself. No such effect was observed in IgD\u2010treated aged (20 months old) BALB\/c mice. The absence of an effect of IgD on Ig secretion appeared to correlate with a lack of induction of receptors for IgD on T cells of the host, both in 7\u201310\u2010day\u2010old and in aged mice. In 7\u201310\u2010day\u2010old mice this lack of induction appeared due to their very low numbers of L3T4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. A comparison was made between the effect of a single injection of IgD or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on numbers of Ig\u2010secreting cells in the spleen determined 1\u20137 days after injection. Both agents caused increases, but the increase in IgM\u2010producing cells was much greater after LPS (day 4), while IgD caused a relatively greater increase in IgG<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and IgA (days 4\u20137). Increases in IgG<jats:sub>l<\/jats:sub> and IgG<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010producing cells induced by LPS and IgD were of similar magnitude (days 6\u20137). IgD production, however, was not increased. The number of cells producing antibody of anti\u2010trinitrophenyl (TNP) specificity was enhanced by LPS (day 4), but not by a single injection of IgD, although more than one injection of IgD caused a significant increase in anti\u2010TNP\u2010producing cells above background.<\/jats:p><jats:p>LPS, but not IgD, caused B cell proliferation <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> in the presence or absence of \u03b3 \u2010irradiated T\u03b4 cells. However, <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, IgD injections caused a significant increase in the percentage of lymphoid follicles with germinal centers in lymph nodes from 17\u201321\u2010day\u2010old and normal adult mice, but not in 7\u201310\u2010day\u2010old or aged mice. Such an effect was also absent in 24\u201328\u2010day\u2010old mice, where germinal center development, even in untreated mice, was very high.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830180104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T00:50:13Z","timestamp":1172710213000},"page":"13-20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Physiology of IgD IX. Effect of IgD on immunoglobulin production in young and old mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Christina D.","family":"Swenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald F. 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