{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:08:57Z","timestamp":1760954937378},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6124,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>T cells can have either resistance\u2010promoting or disease\u2010promoting effects in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis. It is known that the adoptive transfer of parasite\u2010specific helper T cells led to an exacerbation of Leishmania\u2010induced lesions. This work presents evidence that lymphokines produced by activated T cells could be involved in this exacerbating process by directly stimulating the parasite growth. In the presence of activated T cell supernatants, the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> growth of <jats:italic>Leishmania mexicana amazonensis<\/jats:italic> promastigotes was greatly enhanced. This effect was reproduced by addition of recombinant interleukin 2 (IL 2). An anti\u2010IL 2 antibody partially reversed the stimulatory effect of IL. An <jats:italic>in vivo in situ<\/jats:italic> treatment of infected mice with IL 2 led to an exacerbation of the lesions. The increase in footpad swelling after IL 2 treatment was correlated with a higher number of parasites per lesion. The protective effect of cyclosporin A against the development of Leishmania infection was abolished by IL 2 treatment. As we observed that IL 2 has a stimulatory effect on the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> Leishmania growth, we speculate that exacerbation of the lesions observed <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> after IL 2 treatment could be partially related with a direct effect of IL 2 on the parasite growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830190312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T10:36:36Z","timestamp":1172745396000},"page":"487-492","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i> effects of interleukin 2 on the protozoan parasite leishmania"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Mazingue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Cottrez\u2010Detoeuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmud","family":"Kweider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Auriault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Capron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(84)90091-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(87)90165-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.133.3.1594","volume":"133","author":"Titus R. 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