{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:11:11Z","timestamp":1762917071587},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4875,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visceral leishmaniasis or kala\u2010azar is characterized by a variety of immunopathological consequences in man. The most remarkable of these are the depression of cell\u2010mediated immunity and polyclonal B cell activation. The consequences observed in man could be induced in a murine model by inoculating the causative agent, <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani.<\/jats:italic> The cell\u2010mediated response was studied in this murine model in terms of the delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity (DTH) response toward leishmania antigen in a progressive infection. BALB\/b (H\u20102<jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>) mice showed progressive enhancement in the DTH response, whereas BALB\/c (H\u20102<jats:sup>d<\/jats:sup>) mice showed strong DTH at the onset which gradually disappeared (defined as DTH\u2010negative phase) and reappeared again at the later stage of infection. Adoptive transfer of enriched populations of splenic T cells from infected BALB\/c mice together with parasite antigen into the footpad of syngenic normal recipients produced a dramatic enhancement in the DTH response, except at the onset of the DTH\u2010negative phase. These observations indicate that adherent cells have a role in suppression of the cell\u2010mediated immune response and also that another mechanism operates at the onset of the DTH\u2010negative phase. This DTH\u2010negative phase was not caused by depletion of DTH\u2010mediating cells from the repertoire, but rather by suppression mediated by a subset of T cell evolved in the course of infection. Characterization on the basis of lymphokine production of the T cells mediating the DTH response and of T cells mediating suppression of the DTH response showed them to be of T<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>1 and T<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>2 type, respectively. Studies also indicated that at the onset and the later stages of infection suppression was mediated by adherent cells, but at the onset of DTH\u2010negative phase, in particular, suppression was mediated by T<jats:sub>h<\/jats:sub>2 cells. Furthermore, experiments also showed that adherent cells from infected mice gained another property, that of driving B cells, in a T cell\u2010dependent manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830220813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T17:58:41Z","timestamp":1172771921000},"page":"2041-2045","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Immunobiological studies on experimental visceral leishmaniasis. II. Adherent cell\u2010mediated down\u2010regulation of delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity response and up\u2010regulation of B cell activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Saroj K.","family":"Basak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhaskar","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syamal","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.5.907"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"345","volume":"63","author":"Sciotto A.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann. 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