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We have previously demonstrated that intravenous injection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) induces functional unresponsiveness (anergy) of reactive T cells as well as a partial deletion by activationinduced programmed cell death. In the present study, we examined the effect of oral administration of SEB in mice. Our results indicate that spleen T cells from SEB\u2010primed mice are hyporesponsive to SEB stimulation <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, but the response to SEA was normal. V\u03b28<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells purified from SEB\u2010primed mice did not respond to stimulation of TcR. This SEB\u2010specific unresponsiveness could not be reversed by exogenous interleukin\u20102, but was partially reversed by phorbol 12\u2010myristate 13\u2010acetate. Activation of mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase during TcR\u2010mediated stimulation was significantly inhibited in anergic T cells. Although the mechanisms of oral tolerance are not well understood, these results show that oral administration of SEB induce clonal anergy in peripheral T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830240922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T23:14:53Z","timestamp":1172790893000},"page":"2081-2086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Induction of clonal anergy by oral administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Migita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuo","family":"Ochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90568-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/332040a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/334620a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90497-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.24.10034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.4.1091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/339541a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345540a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.4.1065"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/349245a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"166","volume":"23","author":"Besredka A.","year":"1909","journal-title":"Ann. 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