{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T11:07:17Z","timestamp":1770721637944,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3531,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is generally accepted that memory B cells can be defined by their ability to produce, upon antigenic challenge, somatically mutated antibody molecules characterized by an increased affinity and by the expression of a downstream heavy chain isotype. However, the inability to isolate this particular B cell compartment has precluded the study of memory B lymphocyte physiology in man. We previously reported on the identification of an IgD<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> B cell subset in human tonsils that we defined as CD38<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> B cells, whose phenotype is highly reminiscent of that of memory B lymphocytes from the splenic marginal zone of rodents. In the present study, we developed a model of the measles virus (MV)\u2010specific secondary antibody response <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> to assess the presence of memory B lymphocytes in different B cell subsets isolated from human tonsils and explore the activation requirements of human memory B cells. Our findings show that the memory B cell pool resides in the CD38<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> B cell subpopulation and that the differentiation of MV\u2010activated memory B cells into antibody\u2010secreting cells can be achieved upon co\u2010stimulation with interleukin (IL)\u20102 and IL\u201010, but does not require engagement of CD40. Interestingly, the CD40\u2010mediated signal was found to synergize with Ig\u2010cross\u2010linking agents for the proliferation of memory B cells, but strongly suppressed their capacity to differentiate along the plasmacytoid pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that the CD40 signaling pathway is instrumental for the clonal expansion of the memory B cell pool, but does not operate in the later phase of the response, which allows their maturation into antibody\u2010secreting cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T01:50:12Z","timestamp":1172800212000},"page":"517-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The differentiation of human memory B cells into specific antibody\u2010secreting cells is CD40 independent"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Anne","family":"Silvy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Lagresle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Defrance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.09.040191.001205"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.11.040193.000405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.3.1105","volume":"154","author":"Nicholson I. 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