{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T15:11:01Z","timestamp":1698505861216},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]],"date-time":"2005-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3505,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fresh postnatal thymocyte cell suspensions were directly cloned under limiting dilution conditions with either phytohemagglutinin or toxic shock syndrome toxin\u20101 (TSST\u20101), a bacterial superantigen. Cultures contained allogenic irradiated feeder cells and interleukin (IL)\u20102, in the absence or presence of exogenous IL\u20104, interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3 or IL\u201012. The resulting CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell clones generated under these different experimental conditions were then analyzed for their ability to produce IL\u20102, IL\u20104, IL\u20105, IL\u201010, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b2 in response to stimulation with phorbol 12\u2010myristate 13\u2010acetate (PMA)+anti\u2010CD3 monoclonal antibody or PMA + ionomycin. Different from T cell clones generated from peripheral blood, virtually all CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell clones generated from human thymocytes produced high concentrations of IL\u20102, IL\u20104 and IL\u20105, but no IFN\u2010\u03b3, TNF\u2010\u03b2 or IL\u201010. Moreover, after activation, these clones expressed on their surface membrane both CD30 and CD40 ligand, but not the product of lymphocyte activation gene (LAG)\u20103, and provided strong helper activity for IgE synthesis by allogeneic B cells. The Th2 cytokine pattern could not be modified by the addition of IFN\u2010\u03b3. However, upon addition of exogenous IL\u201012, the resulting CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> thymocyte clones produced TNF\u2010\u03b2, IFN\u2010\u03b3, and IL\u201010 in addition to IL\u20104 and IL\u20105. These results suggest that CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> human thymocytes have the potential to develop into cells producing the Th2 cytokines IL\u20104 and IL\u20105, whereas the ability to produce both Th1 cytokines and IL\u201010 is acquired only after priming with IL\u201012.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T02:03:19Z","timestamp":1172800999000},"page":"1083-1087","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Development <i>in vitro<\/i> of human CD4<sup>+<\/sup> thymocytes into functionally mature Th2 cells. Exogenous interleukin\u201012 is required for priming thymocytes to produce both Th1 cytokines and interleukin\u201010"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Mingari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Cambiaggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Annunziato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Schiavetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Manetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Romagnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.7.2348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115300"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.13.6065"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.001303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.7.2378","volume":"149","author":"Yssel H.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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