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We now report that proliferation of <jats:italic>T. brucei<\/jats:italic> is stimulated in axenic cultures by IFN\u2010\u03b3. The growth\u2010enhancing effect on the pathogen is inhibited by anti\u2010IFN\u2010\u03b3 receptor (R) antibodies and does not occur after exposure to other cytokines, <jats:italic>i.e.<\/jats:italic> IFN\u2010\u03b1, IFN\u2010\u03b2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1. While rodent\u2010pathogenic <jats:italic>T. brucei<\/jats:italic> strains are stimulated by rat IFN\u2010\u03b3, human pathogenic strains are more potently stimulated by human IFN\u2010\u03b3. Rat and human IFN\u2010\u03b3 can partially block each others effects. Mice with disrupted IFN\u2010\u03b3 genes have reduced parasitemia and prolonged survival, while the outcome is reversed in mice that lack the IFN\u2010\u03b3R gene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T02:02:32Z","timestamp":1172800952000},"page":"1359-1364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Human and rodent interferon\u2010\u03b3 as a growth factor for <i>Trypanosoma brucei<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Moiz","family":"Bakhiet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jama","family":"Mhlanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"B\u00fcscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nils","family":"Lycke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"van der Meide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krister","family":"Kristensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"101","volume-title":"New Strategies in Parasitology","author":"Barry J. 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