{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:51:27Z","timestamp":1789606287275,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]],"date-time":"2005-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3340,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mercuric chloride (HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) has contrasting effects on different rat strains: susceptible strains, e.g. Brown Norway (BN) develop polyclonal B cell activation, multiple autoantibodies and widespread tissue injury. Lewis (LEW) rats are resistant: no autoimmune response occurs after HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>; instead, there is immunosuppression. We have previously shown, by fully quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), up\u2010regulation of interleukin\u20104 (IL\u20104) gene expression in HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010treated BN rats, implicating Th2 cells in the autoimmune syndrome. Involvement of the reciprocal Th1 subset, producing interferon\u2010\u03b3 (IFN\u2010\u03b3), in resistance of LEW rats to HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> has been suggested. We now report extensive analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokine gene expression in spleen and lymph nodes of susceptible (BN) and resistant (LEW) rats after HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. IL\u20104 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 were analyzed by quantitative PCR, other cytokines were assessed using semiquantitative PCR: the relative merits of these two techniques are discussed. We show pronounced up\u2010regulation of IL\u20104 and more modest up\u2010regulation of IFN\u2010\u03b3 in BN rats, but no up\u2010regulation of either in LEW rats. Baseline levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3 were higher in LEW rats. Semi\u2010quantitative PCR showed increased expression of IL\u20102, IL\u20106 and IL\u201010 in BN; in LEW rats only IL\u201010 was increased. There was no marked change in IL\u20105, IL\u201013 or transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2) in either strain. These data further support the key role of IL\u20104 in HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced autoimmunity, and suggest that failure of up\u2010regulation of IL\u20104, together with higher baseline IFN\u2010\u03b3 expression, accounts for resistance of LEW rats to HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. However, neither IFN\u2010\u03b3 nor TGF\u2010\u03b2 can be implicated in HgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced immunosuppression in the LEW rat <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>: our data suggest a role for IL\u201010 in this phenomenon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830261018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T01:33:12Z","timestamp":1172799192000},"page":"2388-2392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Th1\/Th2 cytokine gene expression after mercuric chloride in susceptible and resistant rat strains"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kathleen M.","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelhadi","family":"Saoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00eblle","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catheryne J.","family":"Whittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Druet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanche","family":"Bellon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Mathieson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"269","volume":"71","author":"Hultman P.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"293","volume":"65","author":"Bariety J.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939209004830"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"121","volume":"67","author":"Mathieson P. W.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830170109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.196"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830180210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60652-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830210514"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.4.881"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.5.1309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1993.tb03311.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03563.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830070605"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1982.tb00949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.24.9717"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"553","volume":"3","author":"Legoux P.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. Cytokine Netw."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)36687-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1996.0016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.10.3239","volume":"149","author":"Henkel G.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.16.7737"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/6.9.621"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02744.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830210919"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/339064a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250822"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1995.1060"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830220511"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","unstructured":"Bridoux F. Badou A. Druet P. Pelletier L. 9th Int. Cong. Immunol. San Francisco1995.408. (Abstract)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.11.040193.001121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(94)00720-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","first-page":"619","volume":"72","author":"Hendrzak J. A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."}],"container-title":["European Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Feji.1830261018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eji.1830261018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T17:02:35Z","timestamp":1698426155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eji.1830261018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eji.1830261018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.1830261018","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2980","1521-4141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2980","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]}}}