{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T06:27:24Z","timestamp":1779344844006,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]],"date-time":"2005-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3340,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>While non\u2010stimulated primary human monocytes exhibit very low levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 mRNA, direct binding of the staphylococcal exotoxin toxic shock syndrome toxin\u20101 (TSST\u20101) to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules results in a fast (peak 1 h after stimulation), transient induction (sevenfold) of TNF\u2010\u03b1 mRNA. This induction correlates with a fourfold increase in transcription rates of the TNF\u2010\u03b1 gene, as detected by run\u2010on assays, and does not require <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> protein synthesis. Mapping of DNase\u2010I hypersensitive sites (DHS) discloses two constitutive DHS, one located far upstream (within the TNF\u2010\u03b2 promoter) and the other centered at \u221239 \u00b1 40 bp relative to the major TNF\u2010\u03b1 transcription start site, suggesting that the TNF\u2010\u03b1 gene was transcriptionally competent even prior to MHC class II engagement. Furthermore, stimulation of human monocytes with either TSST\u20101 or lipopolysaccharide increases the translational efficiency of TNF\u2010\u03b1 mRNA, as shown by a shift in the distribution of this mRNA species in polysome gradients and the translation rates of TNF\u2010\u03b1 measured by immunoprecipitation from cells pulsed with [<jats:sup>35<\/jats:sup>S] methionine. The increase in translation efficiency of TNF\u2010\u03b1 mRNA is independent of the half\u2010life of TNF\u2010\u03b1 transcripts, which under the conditions used is unchanged. Taken together, our data indicate that TNF\u2010\u03b1 expression is tightly regulated by MHC class II ligands, both at the transcriptional and translational levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830261023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T01:33:12Z","timestamp":1172799192000},"page":"2417-2424","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Transcriptional and translational control of TNF\u2010\u03b1 gene expression in human monocytes by major histocompatibility complex class II ligands"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Enric","family":"Espel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Garcia\u2010Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Aubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Menoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Sperisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neus","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Spertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.11.4210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.7.2075","volume":"146","author":"Cambier J. C.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/327629a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.17.7533"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.7.2237"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.1.65","volume":"149","author":"Spertini F.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5289","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.12.5289","volume":"150","author":"Odum N.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90184-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830231223"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830240325"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1995.tb03113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111334"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/158.5.1026"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.7.2310","volume":"146","author":"Trede N. S.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.10.4.1498"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.1.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.174.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.5.1694","volume":"147","author":"Drouet C.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041500127"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.17.6030"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.6.1843","volume":"146","author":"Han J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230913"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5604","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.12.5604","volume":"150","author":"Trede N. S.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.2.902","volume":"155","author":"Trede N. S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(90)90058-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","volume-title":"Immunology Methods Manual","author":"Garcia\u2010Sanz J. A.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830190517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/9.11.2589"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.1.3.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/11.23.8287"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1993.1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1.3.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00599a021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10733","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.18.10733","volume":"18","author":"Soldaini E.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","volume-title":"Immunology Method Manual","author":"M\u00fcllner E. W.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1329208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.24.9717"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","first-page":"156","volume":"162","author":"Chomczinski P.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.12.2.791"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90155-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113482"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/20.8.1943"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41641-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.43.25885"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.2.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90326-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.6.1675"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Feji.1830261023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eji.1830261023","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T17:04:31Z","timestamp":1698426271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eji.1830261023"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eji.1830261023"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.1830261023","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2980","1521-4141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2980","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]}}}