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Four CD21 ligands have so far been identified, but only the activated products of the third component of complement (C3) are known to augment the immune response to specific antigens. The most recently discovered ligand for CD21 is CD23. We have generated a CD32<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CD23<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> fibroblast cell line which presents a surrogate antigen (anti\u2010IgM) to human tonsil B cells <jats:italic>in vitro.<\/jats:italic> Incubation with these cells causes a 10\u2010 to 100\u2010fold reduction in the threshold concentration of anti\u2010IgM required for B cell proliferation. Anti\u2010CD19 further enhances the response to antigen and induces proliferation in the absence of anti\u2010IgM. Addition of soluble CD21 totally inhibits the effect of CD23, suggesting that CD21 mediates synergistic signaling by CD23.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T04:33:58Z","timestamp":1172810038000},"page":"572-575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Function of CD23 in the response of human B cells to antigen"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Rajko","family":"Relji\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Cosentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"28","volume-title":"CD23: A Novel Multifunctional Regulator of the Immune System that Binds IgE","author":"Gould H.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1991.tb02937.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/366421a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830210819"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/358505a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"334","volume":"3","author":"Gordon J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trends Clin. 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