{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:32:05Z","timestamp":1791271925595,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3013,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The T cell receptor (TCR) variable (V) gene repertoire was analyzed in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 17), multiple myeloma (MM) stage I (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 16), MM stages II\/III (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 31) and agematched controls (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 27) by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry using a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 10) against TCR V\u03b1 and V\u03b2 gene products. T cell expansion was defined as a value \u2a7e thrice the normal median value for each respective TCR V mAb. Fifty\u2010three percent of all patients displayed CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    expansion(s) as compared to 30% of age\u2010matched controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001). Within the CD4 subset, 18% of the patients displayed T cell expansion(s) in comparison to 11% of the controls (not significant). Interestingly, the CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    expansion(s) were more frequently noted in patients with a low tumor burden (MGUS\/MMI) (73%) as compared to those with advanced disease (MM II\/III) (32% and control donors (30%) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01). Likewise, multiple CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    expansions (two or more) were more common in MGUS\/MM I patients than in MM II\/III and controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.01). The T cell expansions were stable over time in patients with a stable disease. A high degree of clonality of the expansions was detected by TCR CDR3 fragment length analysis, determination of J\u03b2 gene usage and nucleotide sequencing. The frequent finding of oligoclonal CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell expansions in patients with a low tumor mass, but not in patients with advanced disease justifies further work in order to identify the relevance of expanded CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells. In one patient with T cell reactivity against the autologous myeloma idiotype, two expansions within the CD8 population (V\u03b23 and V\u03b25.2 respectively) displayed no reactivity against the idiotype. Instead, idiotype recognition was confined to a CD8 non\u2010expanded V\u03b222\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell population, with a highly restricted TCR usage (CDR3 fragment length analysis).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T00:33:26Z","timestamp":1172795606000},"page":"2245-2252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["T cell repertoire in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: Clonal CD8\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    T cell expansions are found preferentially in patients with a low tumor burden"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Halapi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Wahlstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"\u00d6sterborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Jeddi\u2010Tehrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl Harald","family":"Janson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Wigzell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Grunewald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Mellstedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-230X(08)60018-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1996.294826.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1982.tb00563.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1989.tb04258.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00916554"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1981.tb01049.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.3.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/334395a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3745","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03258.x","volume":"7","author":"Chothia C.","year":"1988","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"373","volume":"125","author":"Jerne N. 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