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Both interleukin (IL)\u20104 and IL\u20105 are clearly important in the generation of IgE responses and eosinophilia, respectively, but the control of mucosal mastocytosis <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> is not as well defined. Mucosal mast cells appear to be particularly important with regard to <jats:italic>T.<\/jats:italic> <jats:italic>spiralis<\/jats:italic> infections as there is good evidence to suggest their involvement in expulsion of the parasite from the host. In this study we examined the effect of the overproduction of the Th2 cytokine IL\u20109 on infection with this nematode. We demonstrate that naive IL\u20109\u2010transgenic mice have an intense intestinal mastocytosis and high serum levels of mouse mast cell protease\u20101. Moreover, upon infection high titers of parasite\u2010specific IgG1 were observed with a heightened mast cell response, which was associated with the rapid expulsion of <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic> from the gut. Furthermore, as depression of this mast cell response, using anti\u2010c\u2010<jats:italic>kit<\/jats:italic> antibodies, resulted in the inability of these mice to expel the parasite, this study clearly demonstrates an activity of IL\u20109 on mucosal mastocytosis and the host protective immune response <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830271011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T04:08:42Z","timestamp":1172808522000},"page":"2536-2540","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":156,"title":["Interleukin\u20109 is involved in host protective immunity to intestinal nematode infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Faulkner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Christophe","family":"Renauld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"van Snick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Grencis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"213","volume":"56","author":"Grencis R. 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