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We compared tissue from hayfever patients out of season with that of normal controls, and also of hayfever patients treated with topical corticosteroid (fluticasone propionate) or placebo for 6 weeks and then challenged with antigen. \u03b5 chain mRNA was expressed in an unexpectedly high proportion of nasal B cells of both hayfever patients and normal subjects. However, although similar numbers of B cells were found in both groups, the proportion of cells that express \u03b5 chain mRNA was several times higher in the hayfever patients. No transcripts of the \u03b5 germ\u2010line gene were detected in either group before allergen challenge. When hayfever patients were administered antigen locally, early (10\u201330 min) and late (1\u201324 h) symptoms ensued. After 24 h, coincident with an increase in the number of cells expressing mRNA for IL\u20104 in the tissue, \u03b5 germ\u2010line gene transcripts appeared in the nasal B cells. The induction by allergen of IL\u20104 mRNA and \u03b5 germ\u2010line gene transcripts was suppressed by fluticasone propionate treatment. Our results suggest that local IgE synthesis and cytokine regulation of heavy chain switching to IgE occur in the nasal mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830271123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T04:06:15Z","timestamp":1172808375000},"page":"2899-2906","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Expression of \u03b5 germ\u2010line gene transcripts and mRNA for the \u03b5 heavy chain of IgE in nasal B cells and the effects of topical corticosteroid"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Stephen R.","family":"Durham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah J.","family":"Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cortlandt P.","family":"Thienes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikila R.","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Masuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Rak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olle","family":"Lowhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Schotman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qutayba A.","family":"Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(81)90035-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60536-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000237349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117478"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.5.2406","volume":"158","author":"Diaz\u2010Sanchez D.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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