{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:33:19Z","timestamp":1790379199796,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,10]],"date-time":"2003-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1063152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prostaglandins (PG) are important modulators of immune and inflammatory responses. We recently demonstrated that the production of PGD<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> by the helminthic parasite <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> inhibits the migration of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) to the draining lymph nodes (DLN). Here, we identify the responsible parasite enzyme as being a 28\u2010kDa glutathione\u2010S\u2010transferase (termed Sm28GST). Intradermal injection of Sm28GST in wild\u2010type (WT), but not in D prostanoid receptor (DP) 1\u2010deficient mice abrogates the departure of LC from the epidermis after TNF\u2010\u03b1 or FITC treatment. During infection, DP1 deficiency restores LC migration, but does not enhance the rate of T cell proliferation in the skin DLN. However, relative to WT mice, DLN cells from DP1\u2010deficient infected mice produce dramatically less IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u201010, but equal amount of IL\u20104. Interestingly, infected DP1\u2010deficient mice develop a more Th2\u2010biased humoral immune response, a significantly reduced parasitemia and a decreased egg\u2010induced inflammatory response in the liver and intestines. Taken together, we propose that DP1 activation by the Sm28GST\u2010derived PGD<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> could represent a strategy for the schistosome to evade host immune defenses. We also suggest that DP1 is important in the Th1\/Th2 balance of the immune response and in inflammatory reactions during infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,23]],"date-time":"2003-09-23T22:09:06Z","timestamp":1064354946000},"page":"2764-2772","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Pivotal roles of the parasite PGD<sub>2<\/sub> synthase and of the host D prostanoid receptor 1 in schistosome immune evasion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Maxime","family":"Herv\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Angeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Pinzar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Wintjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Faveeuw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuh","family":"Narumiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Capron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Urade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Capron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Riveau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Trottein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.201398898"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107385840200800105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.5.2277"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1711.2001.00983.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.1.443"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/9550"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2000.279.1.G238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)03035-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200113455"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.2.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.6.1942"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5460.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.6.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.1.400-402.2002","article-title":"Production of prostaglandins and leukotrienesby pathogenic fungi.","volume":"70","author":"Noverr M. 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