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The aim of this study was to examine whether <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic> could affect antigen\u2010specific T\u2004cell\u2010mediated skin inflammation. To this end, we used contact hypersensitivity to the hapten 2,4\u2010dinitrofluorobenzene, a model of allergic contact dermatitis mediated by CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CTL and controlled by CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> regulatory T\u2004cells. Daily oral administration of fermented milk containing <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic> alone decreased skin inflammation by inhibiting the priming\/expansion of hapten\u2010specific IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010producing CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector T\u2004cells. The down\u2010regulatory effect of the probiotics required the presence of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells, which control the size of the hapten\u2010specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cell pool primed by skin sensitization. <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic> cell wall was as efficient as live <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic> to regulate both the CHS response and the hapten\u2010specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cell response, suggesting that cell wall components contribute to the immunomodulatory effect of <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic>. This study provides the first evidence that oral administration of <jats:italic>L.\u2004casei<\/jats:italic> can reduce antigen\u2010specific skin inflammation by controlling the size of the CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector pool.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,27]],"date-time":"2004-07-27T14:04:30Z","timestamp":1090937070000},"page":"2520-2528","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["<i>Lactobacillus<\/i><i>casei<\/i> reduces CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T\u2004cell\u2010mediated skin inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ludivine","family":"Chapat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Chemin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Dubois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00eblle","family":"Bourdet\u2010Sicard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Kaiserlian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.5.1046s"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.4.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2000.00118.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.10.2766-2768.1988","article-title":"Effect of the gastrointestinal microflora on induction and maintenance of oral tolerance to ovalbumin in C3H\/HeJ mice.","volume":"56","author":"Moreau M. 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