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IBD is thought to occur as a result of an inappropriate immune response to environmental factors in a genetically predisposed host, and it has become increasingly clear that cytokines play an important role in this process. In recent years, several groups have provided evidence that IL\u201018 is significantly up\u2010regulated during the course of chronic intestinal inflammation and appears to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of human IBD, particularly in Crohn's disease. IL\u201018 is a pleiotropic cytokine with several biological functions, but is most commonly associated with its ability to synergistically induce the expression of IFN\u2010\u03b3. However, although IL\u201018 has been extensively studied in both human IBD as well as in murine models of colitis, no definitive function of IL\u201018 during the initiation and perpetuation of chronic gut inflammation has been firmly established, and its precise role in the pathogenesis of IBD has yet to be determined. In light of the recent observation that the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor\u20101 has the ability to regulate the functional activity of IL\u201018, and concomitantly disease severity, in a murine model of colitis through altered expression of its endogenous inhibitor, IL\u201018\u2010binding protein, this commentary will review what is currently known regarding the role of IL\u201018 in normal mucosal immunity and during the pathogenesis of IBD.<\/jats:p><jats:p>See accompanying article: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"10.1002\/eji.200425124\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.200425124<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,22]],"date-time":"2004-07-22T10:04:57Z","timestamp":1090490697000},"page":"2347-2355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Commentary: The role of the IL\u201018 system and other members of the IL\u20101R\/TLR superfamily in innate mucosal immunity and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease: friend or foe?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Brian\u2004K.","family":"Reuter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa\u2004T.","family":"Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases.","author":"Sandler R. 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