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Using an <jats:italic>in vitro <\/jats:italic>coculture system, V\u03b31 T cells from Tcrb<jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013 <\/jats:sup>mice were found to be activated by DC infected <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> with BCG, as indicated by the elevated CD69 expression, IFN\u2010\u03b3 secretion and cytotoxic activity. This activation process was due to a non\u2010cognate mechanism since it required neither cell to cell contact nor interaction between the TCR and a specific antigen, but was mediated by DC\u2010derived IL\u201012. Reciprocally, V\u03b31 T cells provided a key cytokine, IFN\u2010\u03b3, which increased IL\u201012 production by BCG\u2010infected DC. Moreover, exposure of BCG\u2010infected DC to V\u03b31 T cells conditioned the former to prime a significantly stronger anti\u2010mycobacterial CD8 T cell response. Consequently, stimulation of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and their non\u2010cognate interaction with DC could be applied as an immune adjuvant strategy to optimize vaccine\u2010induced CD8 T cell immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,16]],"date-time":"2004-09-16T14:03:09Z","timestamp":1095343389000},"page":"3227-3235","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Reciprocal stimulation of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and dendritic cells during the anti\u2010mycobacterial immune response"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Dieli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Caccamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Meraviglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juraj","family":"Ivanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Sireci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesira\u2004T.","family":"Bonanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Ferlazzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"La Mendola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Salerno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.6.2243"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.6.2249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199612263352604"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.767"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021468"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021229"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.12.6883-6890.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(01)00190-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.2.635","article-title":"Activation of human dendritic cells following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"159","author":"Henderson R.A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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