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We found that <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected CXCR3<jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice mount an efficient Th1 response as evident by markedly increased serum levels of Th1\u2010associated IgG2a and significant production of IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u201012 by the draining lymph node cells, restrict systemic spread of infection, but fail to control parasite replication at the site of infection and develop chronic non\u2010healing lesions. Furthermore, the inability of CXCR3<jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice to control cutaneous <jats:italic>L.\u2004major<\/jats:italic> growth was associated with fewer CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells and significantly lower levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3 in their lesions as compared to CXCR3<jats:sup>+\/+<\/jats:sup> mice. These results demonstrate that CXCR3 plays a critical role in the host defense against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by <jats:italic>L.\u2004major<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, they also suggest that the susceptibility of CXCR3<jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice to <jats:italic>L.\u2004major<\/jats:italic> is due to impaired CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cell trafficking and decreased production of IFN\u2010\u03b3 at the site of infection rather than to their inability to mount a parasite\u2010specific Th1 response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,24]],"date-time":"2005-01-24T18:47:25Z","timestamp":1106592445000},"page":"515-523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["CXCR3<sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/sup> mice mount an efficient Th1 response but fail to control <i>Leishmania major<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Lucia\u2004E.","family":"Rosas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Barbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Gerard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia\u2004M.","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay\u2004R.","family":"Satoskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.112.18.2993","article-title":"Leishmania species: models of intracellular parasitism.","volume":"112","author":"Alexander J.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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