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Here, we show that Th2 response\u2010associated resistance is dependent on the presence of IL\u20101\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2. When lymph node cells from naive IL\u20101\u03b1\u2010 or IL\u20101\u03b2\u2010deficient mice were subjected to Th2 polarization <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, they failed to polarize in the presence of IL\u20104 alone, but required the addition of exogenous IL\u20101\u03b1 or IL\u20101\u03b2. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both IL\u20101\u03b1\u2010 and IL\u20101\u03b2\u2010deficient mice are susceptible to chronic <jats:italic>T.\u2004muris<\/jats:italic> infection and that the inability to expel the worms is associated with a defect in the development of a Th2 response in the mesenteric lymph nodes. These results provide the first demonstration of the critical role of IL\u20101 in regulating Th2 responses during gastrointestinal nematode infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]],"date-time":"2004-11-17T16:52:35Z","timestamp":1100710355000},"page":"3674-3681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Interleukin 1 plays a major role in the development of Th2\u2010mediated immunity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Helena","family":"Helmby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard\u2004K.","family":"Grencis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.1.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3832","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.8.3832-3840.1998","article-title":"Interleukin\u20109 enhances resistance to the intestinal nematode Trichuris muris.","volume":"66","author":"Faulkner H.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. 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