{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:06:37Z","timestamp":1790996797959,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,21]],"date-time":"2006-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1142899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells play a crucial role in controlling intracellular pathogens. The level of memory CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells developing after vaccination or infection influences the degree of T\u2004cell\u2010mediated protection after secondary infection. We used defined animal models and infections\/immunizations by replicating or non\u2010replicating antigens to define on a molecular and cellular level <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> the parameters that identify and shape long\u2010lived CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cell memory. We show that the timing of antigen exposure during vaccination is key for the induction of long\u2010lived T\u2004cell memory. Brief antigen exposure induced high numbers of effector cells but limited development of long\u2010lived CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> memory T\u2004cells. In contrast, prolonged antigen exposure for up to 9\u2004days induced similar numbers of effector T\u2004cells but additionally resulted in high levels of memory CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells. Unexpectedly CD127 (IL\u20107R\u03b1) expression on CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells during the acute priming phase was a necessary but not sufficient requirement for entering the pool of long\u2010lived antigen\u2010independent memory CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2004cells. However, we provide strong evidence for the interpretation that programming of long\u2010lived memory T\u2004cells was driven by low levels of transcription factor eomesodermin and protease inhibitor Spi2A as well as reduced phosphorylation of c\u2010JUN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200535730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,21]],"date-time":"2006-03-21T14:48:07Z","timestamp":1142952487000},"page":"842-854","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Long\u2010lived memory CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T\u2004cells are programmed by prolonged antigen exposure and low levels of cellular activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Martin\u2004F.","family":"Bachmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger\u2004R.","family":"Beerli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Agnellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Wolint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Oxenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/32588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/87720"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/87730"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/369652a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni804"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5361.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.8.4063"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.11.6694"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308054101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425755"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.7.4686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.12.1575","article-title":"Death deflected: IL\u201015 inhibits TNF\u2010alpha\u2010mediated apoptosis in fibroblasts by TRAF2 recruitment to the IL\u201015Ralpha chain.","volume":"13","author":"Bulfone\u2010Pau S. 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