{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:06:17Z","timestamp":1791158777261,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,13]],"date-time":"2006-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interaction of lymphotoxin \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (LT\u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) with its receptor is key for the generation and maintenance of secondary lymphoid organ microstructure. We used mice conditionally deficient for LT\u03b2 on different lymphocyte subsets to determine how the LT\u03b2\u2010dependent lymphoid structure influences immune reactivity. All conditionally LT\u03b2\u2010deficient mice mounted normal immune responses against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and were protected against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). In contrast, they exhibited reduced immune responses against non\u2010replicating antigens. Completely LT\u03b2\u2010deficient mice failed to retain VSV in the marginal zone and died from VSV infections, and they became virus carriers following infection with the non\u2010cytopathic LCMV, which was correlated with defective virus replication in dendritic cells. It was ruled out that LT\u03b2 expression on lymphocytes influenced their activation, homing capacity, or maturation. We therefore conclude that LT\u03b2 expression influences immune reactivity at two distinct levels: (i) Expression of LT\u03b2 on lymphocytes enhances the induction of immune responses against limiting amounts of antigen. (ii) Expression of LT\u03b2 on non\u2010lymphocytes governs antiviral immunity by enhancing antigen presentation on antigen\u2010presenting cells. This prevents cytotoxic T lymphocytes exhaustion or death of the host by uncontrolled virus spread.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200626255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,13]],"date-time":"2006-07-13T16:27:34Z","timestamp":1152808054000},"page":"2061-2075","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Expression of lymphotoxin beta governs immunity at two distinct levels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"Junt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexei\u2004V.","family":"Tumanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Heikenwalder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Zeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry\u2004V.","family":"Kuprash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Aguzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burkhard","family":"Ludewig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergei\u2004A.","family":"Nedospasov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf\u2004M.","family":"Zinkernagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00395-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80371-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2003.00063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.2.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8171322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.4.1685","article-title":"Lymphotoxin\u2010alpha\u2010deficient mice. 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