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We show here that blocking CD70 interactions has a significant impact on priming of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell responses by vaccinia virus (VV), <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in mice. However, the priming of specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells upon infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) was only marginally reduced by CD70\u2010blockade. Blocking of CD70 prevented CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell priming in DIETER mice, a model in which presentation of LCMV\u2010derived epitopes can be induced selectively in dendritic cells (DC). In contrast, CD70\u2010CD27 interactions were not important for the priming of VSV\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells or class switch of neutralizing antibodies. As we show that priming of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells by the pathogens used here is dependent on antigen presentation by DC and that infection results in up\u2010regulation of CD70 on DC, we conclude that CD70 expression on DC plays an important role in the priming of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells by pathogens. Moreover, the lack of CD70 cannot be completely compensated for by other costimulatory molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,13]],"date-time":"2007-02-13T11:45:15Z","timestamp":1171367115000},"page":"716-728","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Priming of CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T cell responses by pathogens typically depends on CD70\u2010mediated interactions with dendritic cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Schildknecht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Miescher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Yagita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maries","family":"van\u2004den\u2004Broek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00365-5","article-title":"In vivo depletion of CD11c(+) dendritic cells abrogates priming of CD8(+) T cells by exogenous cell\u2010associated antigens.","volume":"17","author":"Jung S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021598"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(03)00120-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200535488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2000.17717.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041964"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-10-4015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2004.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5791","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.11.5791","article-title":"Immune responses in the absence of costimulation: viruses know the trick.","volume":"161","author":"Bachmann M. 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