{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T13:57:39Z","timestamp":1761919059533},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,29]],"date-time":"2007-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Activation of naive T cells is tightly controlled and depends on cognate interactions with professional antigen\u2010presenting cells. We analyzed dependency on secondary lymphoid tissues for the activation of naive and memory CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells following primary and secondary <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> infection, respectively. In splenectomized lymphotoxin\u2010\u03b2 receptor\u2010deficient mice, lacking all secondary lymphoid tissues, oral infection with <jats:italic>L.\u2004monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> failed to induce bacteria\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell responses. Treatment of splenectomized wild\u2010type mice with FTY720, a drug that prevents egress of T cells from lymph nodes, also reduced T cell responses after oral <jats:italic>L.\u2004monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> infection and blocked T cell responses after intravenous infection. FTY720\u2010treated wild\u2010type and lymphotoxin\u2010\u03b2 receptor\u2010deficient mice show only slightly impaired recall responses. However, T cell responses were profoundly inhibited when mice were splenectomized subsequently to recovery from primary infection. T cell transfer experiments demonstrated that the impaired secondary T cell response was not simply due to removal of a large fraction of memory T cells by splenectomy. Overall, these results indicate that not only primary T cell responses, but also secondary T cell responses, highly depend on the lymphoid environment for effective activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,29]],"date-time":"2007-11-29T18:24:08Z","timestamp":1196360648000},"page":"127-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Requirement of secondary lymphoid tissues for the induction of primary and secondary T cell responses against <i>Listeria 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