{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T16:15:08Z","timestamp":1779120908011,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,11]],"date-time":"2007-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>West Nile virus (WNV) is a small, positive\u2010strand RNA virus belonging to the <jats:italic>Flaviviridae<\/jats:italic> genus, which causes lethal encephalitis in a subset of infected birds and mammals. In humans, WNV exhibits pronounced age\u2010related morbidity and mortality, but the basis of this effect is unclear, and the molecular and cellular parameters of the host\u2010WNV infection are just beginning to be elucidated. Indeed, numerous mechanisms were implicated in protection <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> against WNV (IFN\u2010I and IFN\u2010\u03b3, antibody, C\u2019, CD8 and CD4 T cells), but the individual importance of each one of these remains unclear. Here, we show that transfer of highly enriched na\u00efve CD8<jats:sup>+ <\/jats:sup>T cells protects the majority of alymphoid mice against lethal WNV infection. To substantiate and expand this finding, we defined the peptide specificity of the CD8 response in H\u20102b mice and used a panel of identified peptides to map one dominant (NS4b <jats:sub>2248\u20132256<\/jats:sub>) and several subdominant epitopes. The hierarchy of these epitopes was stably maintained in the memory responses. Most importantly, CTL lines directed against these peptides conferred protection against lethal WNV infection in direct proportion to the epitope immunodominance. These results provide a springboard for future characterization of T cell responses against WNV and demonstrate, for the first time, that CD8 T cells can single\u2010handedly protect from this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,11]],"date-time":"2007-06-11T09:52:45Z","timestamp":1181555565000},"page":"1855-1863","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Protective capacity and epitope specificity of CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T cells responding to lethal West Nile virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"James\u2004D.","family":"Brien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer\u2004L.","family":"Uhrlaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janko","family":"Nikolich\u2010\u017dugich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.56.012302.160654"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00368-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5448.2331"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5448.2333"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","unstructured":"Anonymous West Nile Virus. Centers for Disease Control2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.017423","article-title":"Widespread West Nile virus activity, eastern United States, 2000.","volume":"7","author":"Marfin A. A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106143442401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(03)60008-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02682.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05480-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.15.8312-8321.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.24.13323-13334.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4991","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.8.4991","article-title":"Identification and characterization of epitopes recognized by T lymphocytes and autoantibodies from patients with herpes gestationis.","volume":"162","author":"Lin M. S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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