{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T01:15:03Z","timestamp":1783559703842,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]],"date-time":"2008-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1202688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> natural T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been shown to suppress protective immune responses in several different vaccination models. Since the effect of Tregs on vaccination against tuberculosis (Tb) was unknown, we used a murine model to investigate whether natural Tregs suppress the development of protective immunity following <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic> bacille Calmette\u2010Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccination. Using a monoclonal antibody against CD25, natural Tregs were inactivated prior to vaccination with BCG. The primary immune response was evaluated after BCG vaccination and the secondary immune response was assessed after an intranasal BCG challenge 42\u2004days after vaccination. Inactivation of natural Tregs prior to vaccination led to an increased immune response 14\u2004days after vaccination, increased numbers of antigen\u2010responsive lymphocytes immediately prior to secondary challenge and the earlier appearance of IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010producing CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> lymphocytes in the draining lymph nodes and lungs after challenge. Despite this, protection from virulent <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> aerosol challenge was unaffected by natural Treg inactivation prior to BCG vaccination. This suggests that increasing the primary and accelerating the secondary immune responses by inactivating natural Tregs at the time of vaccination, does not affect the development of protective immunity to Tb.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200737888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]],"date-time":"2008-02-11T21:52:20Z","timestamp":1202766740000},"page":"695-705","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Accelerating the secondary immune response by inactivating CD4<sup>+<\/sup>CD25<sup>+<\/sup> T regulatory cells prior to BCG vaccination does not enhance protection against tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Kylie M.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenella J.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Goldsack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey W.","family":"de Lisle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryce M.","family":"Buddle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Delahunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna R.","family":"Kirman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","unstructured":"Global tuberculosis control: surveillance planning financing.WHO report 2007. Geneva World Health Organization (WHO\/HTM\/TB\/2007.376)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510330076038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.9.5149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.3.1151","article-title":"Immunologic self\u2010tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL\u20102 receptor alpha\u2010chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self\u2010tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases.","volume":"155","author":"Sakaguchi S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00280-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.2.303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20060772"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.5.3008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.2.287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(02)00261-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.4924"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.12.7860-7867.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200508-1294OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200701-084OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2007.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.5.2661"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2006.01460.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.11.7264"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.23.13082-13089.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i24.3772"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.133.4.1970","article-title":"The murine IL 2 receptor. I. Monoclonal antibodies that define distinct functional epitopes on activated T cells and react with activated B cells.","volume":"133","author":"Ortega G.","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3988","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.6.3988","article-title":"High and low affinity IL 2 receptors: analysis by IL 2 dissociation rate and reactivity with monoclonal anti\u2010receptor antibody PC61.","volume":"135","author":"Lowenthal J. W.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","first-page":"502","article-title":"Characteristics of protective immunity engendered by vaccination of mice with purified culture filtrate protein antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"85","author":"Roberts A. D.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0818-9641.2002.01143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2005.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04790"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.3.1137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.11.7759-7764.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.12.6884-6891.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02575.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1358.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.4.687-702.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2003.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-9792(02)00080-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.4.2128-2137.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0703510104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.4.2666-2674.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02276.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_2","unstructured":"Kent P. Kubica GP Public Health Mycobacteriology. A Guide for the Level III Laboratory.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service Atlanta:1985"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Feji.200737888","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/eji.200737888","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T08:24:40Z","timestamp":1697012680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/eji.200737888"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,19]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/eji.200737888"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.200737888","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2980","1521-4141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2980","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,19]]}}}