{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:03:00Z","timestamp":1774119780414,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune responses to pathogens occur within the context of current and previous infections. Cross protection refers to the phenomena where infection with a particular pathogen provides enhanced resistance to a subsequent unrelated pathogen in an antigen\u2010independent manner. Proposed mechanisms of antigen\u2010independent cross protection have involved the secretion of IFN\u2010\u03b3, which activates macrophages, thus providing enhanced innate immunity against the secondary viral or bacterial pathogen. Here we provide evidence that a primary infection with the chronic respiratory pathogen, <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pulmonis<\/jats:italic>, provides a novel form of cross protection against a secondary infection with <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> that is not mediated by IFN\u2010\u03b3, but instead relies upon IL\u201017 and mobilization of neutrophils. Mice infected with <jats:italic>M. pulmonis<\/jats:italic> have enhanced clearance of <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> from the spleen and liver, which is associated with increased numbers of Gr\u20101<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells and higher levels of IL\u201017. This enhanced clearance of <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> was absent in mice depleted of Gr\u20101<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells or in mice deficient in the IL\u201017 receptor. Additionally, both the IL\u201017 receptor and neutrophils were essential for optimal clearance of <jats:italic>M. pulmonis<\/jats:italic>. Thus, a natural component of the immune response directed against <jats:italic>M. pulmonis<\/jats:italic> was able to enhance clearance of <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200838726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T06:54:57Z","timestamp":1233212097000},"page":"426-438","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A novel IL\u201017\u2010dependent mechanism of cross protection: Respiratory infection with mycoplasma protects against a secondary listeria infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Amy N.","family":"Sieve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen D.","family":"Meeks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheetal","family":"Bodhankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suheung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay K.","family":"Kolls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerry W.","family":"Simecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rance E.","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.129.5.973"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.120.1.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05762"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.4.529"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.12.7435"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.3.1751"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2007.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2006.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.4.1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.4.519"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.25.3.4424"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.6.3917"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2007.tb04008.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.6.3786"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.9.4432"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.1.617-621.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/4.Supplement_1.S18"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"485","volume-title":"Mycoplasmas. 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