{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:15:35Z","timestamp":1791389735976,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,25]],"date-time":"2009-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1253836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regulatory CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells (Treg) are important modulators of the immune response. Different types of Treg have been identified based on whether they are thymically derived (natural Treg) or induced in the periphery (adaptive Treg). We recently reported on an adaptive Treg phenotype that can be induced by the concomitant stimulation of human CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells through CD3 and the membrane complement regulator CD46. These complement (CD46)\u2010induced regulatory T cells (cTreg) potently inhibit bystander T\u2010cell proliferation through high\u2010level secretion of IL\u201010. In addition, cTreg express granzyme B and exhibit cytotoxic effects toward activated effector T cells. Here, we analyzed the effect of cTreg on B\u2010cell functions in a co\u2010culture system. We found that cTreg enhance B\u2010cell Ab production. This B\u2010cell support is dependent on cell\/cell contact as well as cTreg\u2010derived IL\u201010. In addition, we show that T cells from a CD46\u2010deficient patient are not capable of promoting B\u2010cell responses, whereas CD46\u2010deficient B cells have no intrinsic defect in Ig production. This finding may relate to a subset of CD46\u2010deficient patients, who present with common variable immunodeficiency. Thus, the lack of cTreg function in optimizing B\u2010cell responses could explain why some CD46\u2010deficient patients develop common variable immunodeficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,25]],"date-time":"2009-09-25T18:15:30Z","timestamp":1253902530000},"page":"3097-3109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["CD46\u2010induced human Treg enhance B\u2010cell responses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Anja","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronique","family":"Fremeaux\u2010Bacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Kemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.163.4.837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.9.4385-4388.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.12.6091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/IR:32:1-3:031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2951"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.16.1.619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1997.0080"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.3.937"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3107127"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.4.1783"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-03-0859"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-11-4502"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-10-007252"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005101051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.59.060106.185110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61199-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.4.2544"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.12.6780"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.02.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006080811"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02223-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115611"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(03)00025-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200423395"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23215","article-title":"IL\u201010\u2010producing and naturally occurring CD4+Tregs: limiting collateral damage","volume":"114","author":"O'Garra A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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