{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T07:29:12Z","timestamp":1790839752888,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,14]],"date-time":"2009-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rational design of new vaccines engineered to target key components of the host immune response is crucial to aid control of important infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. In this report, we determined whether modifying the function of pulmonary APC could improve protection against infection with <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>. Targeted delivery to the lung of the cytokine GM\u2010CSF, expressed by the <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG vaccine strain, increased pulmonary DC numbers and secretion of the immunoregulatory cytokine IL\u201012, compared with parental BCG immunization. This impact on APC number by BCG:GM\u2010CSF resulted in accelerated priming of antigen\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in the mediastinal lymph nodes and increased migration of activated CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells into the lung. i.n. administration of BCG:GM\u2010CSF resulted in significantly increased protection against <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection compared with mice vaccinated with BCG alone. BCG:GM\u2010CSF exhibited an improved safety profile, as immunodeficient RAG1<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice vaccinated i.n. with BCG:GM\u2010CSF survived significantly longer than control BCG\u2010vaccinated mice. These data demonstrate that manipulating immune cells in the lung by BCG\u2010based delivery of GM\u2010CSF can assist the development of protective mucosal immunity against pulmonary bacterial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,14]],"date-time":"2009-10-14T17:53:30Z","timestamp":1255542810000},"page":"153-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Modulation of pulmonary DC function by vaccine\u2010encoded GM\u2010CSF enhances protective immunity against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jonathan K.","family":"Nambiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony A.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlyn","family":"U. 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