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H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells exhibit a memory phenotype, rapidly produce cytokines, and reach peak frequencies sooner than conventional MHC class Ia\u2010restricted CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. In this study, we found that simultaneous <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> priming of H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted T cells and adoptively transferred OT\u2010II CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells on the same DC enhances the survival of OT\u2010II cells. Stimulation of H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted T cells were found to induce DC maturation resulting in costimulatory molecule upregulation and production of T<jats:sub>H<\/jats:sub>1\u2010type cytokines, which was dependent on both cell\u2010to\u2010cell contact and soluble factors, particularly TNF\u2010\u03b1, produced by activated H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted T cells. Interestingly, H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted T cells were more efficient than activated NK cells in inducing DC maturation. Furthermore, we found that OVA<jats:sub>323\u2013339<\/jats:sub>\u2010coated DC matured by coculturing with peptide\u2010stimulated H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted T cells were more efficient in stimulating the proliferation of Ag\u2010activated OT\u2010II cells. This study indicates that H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted T cells promote immune responses by CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells by inducing DC maturation and suggests novel mechanisms for vaccine development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,16]],"date-time":"2010-02-16T13:45:59Z","timestamp":1266327959000},"page":"1408-1417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["H2\u2010M3\u2010restricted CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T cells augment CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T\u2010cell responses by promoting DC maturation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Michael 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