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IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u201017 have been suggested to play an important role in the host defense against <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>, and in the immunopathology of Lyme disease. The caspase\u20101\u2010dependent cytokine IL\u20101\u03b2 has been linked to the generation of IL\u201017\u2010producing T cells, whereas caspase\u20101\u2010mediated IL\u201018 is crucial for IFN\u2010\u03b3 production. In this study, we show by using knockout mice the role of inflammasome\u2010activated caspase\u20101 in the regulation of cytokine responses by <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>. Caspase\u20101\u2010deficient cells showed significantly less IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u201017 production after <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> stimulation<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> A lack of IL\u20101\u03b2 was responsible for the defective IL\u201017 production, whereas IL\u201018 was crucial for the IFN\u2010\u03b3 production. Caspase\u20101\u2010dependent IL\u201033 played no role in the <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced production of IL\u20101\u03b2, IFN\u2010\u03b3 or IL\u201017. In conclusion, we describe for the first time the role of the inflammasome\u2010dependent caspase\u20101 activation of cytokines in the regulation of IL\u201017 production induced by <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic> spp. As IL\u201017 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic Lyme disease, these data suggest that caspase\u20101 targeting may represent a new immunomodulatory strategy for the treatment of complications of late stage Lyme disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201040385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,29]],"date-time":"2010-11-29T13:52:25Z","timestamp":1291038745000},"page":"172-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["<i>Borrelia<\/i> species induce inflammasome activation and IL\u201017 production through a caspase\u20101\u2010dependent mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Marije","family":"Oosting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank L.","family":"van de Veerdonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thirumala\u2010Devi","family":"Kanneganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Sturm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ineke","family":"Verschueren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneleen","family":"Berende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos W. 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