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In vitro, V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells exhibit strong cytolytic activity against <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected cells and impair intracellular growth of <jats:italic>Brucella suis<\/jats:italic> in autologous macrophages. V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells use cell contact\u2010dependent mechanisms such as the release of lytic granules and Fas\u2010mediated signals to lyse infected macrophages and decrease the development of intracellular <jats:italic>Brucella.<\/jats:italic> Although the involvement of the T\u2010cell receptor (TCR) in the triggering of these responses is known, other surface receptors can modulate V\u03b39V\u03b42 T\u2010cell response. In this study, we have investigated a potential role of NKG2D and its ligands in the anti\u2010infectious activity of human V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells against <jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic>. We show that the recruitment of NKG2D by its ligands is sufficient to induce cytokine production and the release of lytic granules through PI3K\u2010dependent pathways, but can also increase the TCR\u2010triggered responses of V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells. We also demonstrate that the interaction between NKG2D and its main ligand expressed on <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected macrophages, UL16\u2010binding protein 1 (ULBP1), is involved in the inhibition of bacterium development. Altogether, these results suggest a direct contribution of NKG2D and its ligands to the anti\u2010infectious activity of V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201041230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,31]],"date-time":"2011-03-31T08:57:24Z","timestamp":1301561844000},"page":"1619-1628","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Role of NKG2D and its ligands in the anti\u2010infectious activity of V\u03b39V\u03b42 T cells against intracellular bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Bessoles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Garcia\u2010Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Lafont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60405-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(97)80159-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(97)80010-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.11.040193.003225"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/165.3.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230531"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.5.2107-2114.1998","article-title":"Expansion of Vgamma9 Vdelta2 T cells is triggered by Francisella tularensis\u2010derived phosphoantigens in tularemia but not after tularemia vaccination","volume":"66","author":"Poquet Y.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect. 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