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Based on the capacity of interleukin\u20106 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106) to govern both optimal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cell responses and inflammatory resolution, we hypothesised that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 plays an important role in maintaining this balance. Comparison of innate and adaptive immune responses in influenza\u2010infected wild\u2010type control and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106\u2010deficient mice revealed striking differences in virus clearance, lung immunopathology and generation of heterosubtypic immunity. Mice lacking <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20116 displayed a profound defect in their ability to mount an anti\u2010viral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cell response. Failure to adequately control virus was further associated with an enhanced infiltration of inflammatory monocytes into the lung and an elevated production of the pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1. These events were associated with severe lung damage, characterised by profound vascular leakage and death. Our data highlight an essential role for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 in orchestrating anti\u2010viral immunity through an ability to limit inflammation, promote protective adaptive immune responses and prevent fatal immunopathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201243018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]],"date-time":"2013-07-15T12:23:08Z","timestamp":1373890988000},"page":"2613-2625","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Interleukin\u20106 limits influenza\u2010induced inflammation and protects against fatal lung pathology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Sarah N.","family":"Lauder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff Institute of Infection and Immunity School of Medicine Cardiff University  Heath Park Cardiff 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