{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:54:47Z","timestamp":1792616087311,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,27]],"date-time":"2013-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> metabolite retinoic acid is important for the function of the adaptive immune system, but the mechanism is not completely understood. Here we show that vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> is essential for the generation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>otch\u2010dependent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> dendritic cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s) in the spleen. We observed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> (double negative (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DN<\/jats:styled-content>)) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s, but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s, express vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> regulated genes. To determine whether vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> levels influence splenic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content> development, we generated mice that were fed a vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deficient diet. We detected a specific reduction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DN DC<\/jats:styled-content>s in the spleens of mice fed a vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deficient diet, while pre\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content> numbers in both spleen and bone marrow were not affected. Vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> was specifically necessary for the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>el<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>otch\u2010dependent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DN DC<\/jats:styled-content>s. In addition, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DN DC<\/jats:styled-content>s showed reduced proliferation during vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency. In contrast, mice that had received a diet with increased amounts of retinoic acid showed a significant expansion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>otch\u2010dependent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DN DC<\/jats:styled-content>s. These data demonstrate that vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> stimulates the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>otch\u2010dependent splenic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s and indicate that inefficient generation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s may contribute to the immune deficits observed during vitamin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,21]],"date-time":"2013-03-21T09:59:09Z","timestamp":1363859949000},"page":"1608-1616","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["A crucial role for retinoic acid in the development of <scp>N<\/scp>otch\u2010dependent murine splenic <scp>CD<\/scp>8<sup>\u2212<\/sup><scp>CD<\/scp>4<sup>\u2212<\/sup> and <scp>CD<\/scp>4<sup>+<\/sup> dendritic cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Marieke R.","family":"Beijer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalie","family":"Molenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gera","family":"Goverse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reina E.","family":"Mebius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Kraal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joke M. 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