{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T12:04:13Z","timestamp":1773403453889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]],"date-time":"2013-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Thymic atrophy, due to the depletion of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> thymocytes, is observed during infections with numerous pathogens. Several mechanisms, such as glucocorticoids and inflammatory cytokines, are known to be involved in this process; however, the roles of intracellular signaling molecules have not been investigated. In this study, the functional role of c\u2010Jun NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010terminal kinase (JNK) during infection\u2010induced thymic atrophy was addressed. The levels of phosphorylated JNK in immature CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> thymocytes from C57BL\/6 (<jats:italic>Nramp<\/jats:italic>\u2010deficient) and 129\/SvJ (<jats:italic>Nramp<\/jats:italic>\u2010sufficient) mice were increased upon oral infection of mice with <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar Typhimurium (<jats:italic>S. typhimurium<\/jats:italic>). Furthermore, inhibition of JNK signaling, but not ERK or p38 MAPK, prevented the in vitro death of infected thymocytes. Importantly, the in vivo inhibition of JNK signaling with SP600125 protected C57BL\/6 CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> thymocytes from depletion via multiple mechanisms as follows: lower intracellular ROS, inflammatory cytokines, Bax and caspase 3 activity, increase in Bcl\u2010xL amounts, and prevention of the loss in mitochondrial membrane potential. Notably, thymic architecture was preserved in infected mice treated with SP600125. Overall, this study identifies a novel role for JNK as a crucial regulator of the death of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> thymocytes during <jats:italic>S. typhimurium<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T15:27:46Z","timestamp":1381246066000},"page":"137-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["c\u2010Jun NH<sub>2<\/sub>\u2010terminal kinase is a critical node in the death of <scp>CD<\/scp>4<sup>+<\/sup><scp>CD<\/scp>8<sup>+<\/sup> thymocytes during <i>Salmonella enterica<\/i> serovar Typhimurium infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Mukta","family":"Deobagkar\u2010Lele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Infectious Disease Research Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel S.","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Infectious Disease Research Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dipankar","family":"Nandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Infectious Disease Research Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201142305"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902152"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.30.3.851-861.1980","article-title":"Resistance and susceptibility of mice to bacterial infection: histopathology of listeriosis in resistant and susceptible strains","volume":"30","author":"Mandel T. 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