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The presence of the immune\u2010regulatory cytokine IL\u201010 promotes chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Clone 13 infection in mice, whereas the absence of IL\u201010\/IL\u201010R signaling early during infection results in viral clearance and higher percentages and numbers of antiviral, cytokine\u2010producing T cells. However, it is currently unclear which cell populations and effector molecules are crucial to protect against chronic infection. In this study, we demonstrate that antiviral, LCMV\u2010binding, non\u2010neutralizing antibodies are needed, in addition to CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, to clear a high\u2010dose LCMV infection in mice, in the absence of IL\u201010. The interaction between CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and B cells in B\u2010cell follicles via CD40\/CD40L, in addition to class switch and\/or somatic hypermutation, is crucial for viral control in the absence of IL\u201010. Interestingly, transfer of LCMV\u2010binding non\u2010neutralizing antibodies protected recipients from chronic infection. In addition, viral clearance in the absence of IL\u201010R signaling was independent of activating Fc\u03b3 receptors and complement. These data highlight that non\u2010neutralizing antibodies effectively contribute to the control of LCMV infection when present prior to infection, suggesting that the induction of neutralizing antibodies is not implicitly necessary for the generation of successful vaccines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,10]],"date-time":"2013-06-10T06:57:18Z","timestamp":1370847438000},"page":"2349-2360","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Non\u2010neutralizing antibodies protect from chronic LCMV infection independently of activating Fc\u03b3R or complement"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Richter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Oxenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology ETH Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200940102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1492"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/173.5.1085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.16.10514-10527.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211910109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.5771"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90644-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200323340"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00078-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81798-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201142275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90115-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.25.11490"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201242887"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185181"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00220-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3499","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.6.3499-3504.1994","article-title":"Subtype cross\u2010reactive, infection\u2010enhancing antibody responses to influenza A viruses","volume":"68","author":"Tamura M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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