{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:10:24Z","timestamp":1771373424888,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,13]],"date-time":"2014-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Telethon Foundation","award":["RF-2009-1485896"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2009-1485896"]}]},{"name":"Italian Telethon Foundation","award":["TIGET"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TIGET"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health","award":["RF-2008-2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2008-2009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IG10157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IG10157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"EU Clinigene NoE","award":["LSHB-CT-2006-018933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LSHB-CT-2006-018933"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"W<\/jats:styled-content>iskott\u2013A<\/jats:styled-content>ldrich syndrome (WAS<\/jats:styled-content>) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by reduced or absent expression of the WAS<\/jats:styled-content> protein (WASP<\/jats:styled-content>). WAS<\/jats:styled-content> patients are affected by microthrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, eczema, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Although immune deficiency has been proposed to play a role in tumor pathogenesis, there is little evidence on the correlation between immune cell defects and tumor susceptibility. Taking advantage of a tumor\u2010prone model, we show that the lack of WASP<\/jats:styled-content> induces early tumor onset because of defective immune surveillance. Consistently, the B<\/jats:styled-content>16 melanoma model shows that tumor growth and the number of lung metastases are increased in the absence of WASP<\/jats:styled-content>. We then investigated the in vivo contribution of W<\/jats:styled-content>as<\/jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> NK<\/jats:styled-content> cells and DC<\/jats:styled-content>s in controlling B<\/jats:styled-content>16 melanoma development. We found fewer B<\/jats:styled-content>16 metastases developed in the lungs of W<\/jats:styled-content>as<\/jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice that had received WT NK<\/jats:styled-content> cells as compared with mice bearing W<\/jats:styled-content>as<\/jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> NK<\/jats:styled-content> cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that W<\/jats:styled-content>as<\/jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> DC<\/jats:styled-content>s were less efficient in inducing NK<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cell activation in vitro and in vivo. In summary, for the first time, we demonstrate in in vivo models that WASP<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency affects resistance to tumor and causes impairment in the antitumor capacity of NK<\/jats:styled-content> cells and DC<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,13]],"date-time":"2013-12-13T18:32:57Z","timestamp":1386959577000},"page":"1039-1045","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["W<\/scp>iskott\u2013A<\/scp>ldrich syndrome protein deficiency in natural killer and dendritic cells affects antitumor immunity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Catucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TIGET, San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Zanoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences University of 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