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Three major processes drive the IL\u201017\u2010mediated chronicity. Several epigenetic events, enhanced in RA patients, lead to the increased production of IL\u201017 by Th17 cells. IL\u201017 then induces the production of several inflammatory mediators in the diseased synovium, which are further synergistically enhanced via combinations of IL\u201017 with other cytokines. IL\u201017 also promotes the survival of both the synoviocytes and inflammatory cells and promotes the maturation of these immune cells. This leads to an increased number of synoviocytes and inflammatory cells in the synovial fluid and in the synovium leading to the hyperplasia and exacerbated inflammation observed in joints of RA patients. Furthermore, these IL\u201017\u2010driven events initiate several feedback\u2010loop mechanisms leading to increased expansion of Th17 cells and thereby increased production of IL\u201017. In this review, we aim to depict a complete picture of the IL\u201017\u2010driven vicious circle leading to RA chronicity and to pinpoint the key aspects that require further exploration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201344184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,6]],"date-time":"2013-12-06T00:28:36Z","timestamp":1386289716000},"page":"339-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Interleukin 17 contributes to the chronicity of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Benedetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit University of Lyon 1 H\u00f4pital Edouard Herriot  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Miossec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit University of Lyon 1 H\u00f4pital Edouard 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