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DCs are routinely found within the tumor microenvironment, but their capacity for endogenous or therapeutically enhanced cross\u2010presentation is not well characterized. In this study, we examined the tumor and lymph node DC cross\u2010presentation of a nominal marker tumor Ag, HA, expressed by the murine mesothelioma tumor AB1\u2010HA. We found that tumors were infiltrated by predominantly CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> DCs with a semimature phenotype that could not cross\u2010present tumor Ag, and therefore, were unable to induce tumor\u2010specific T\u2010cell activation or proliferation. Although tumor\u2010infiltrating DCs were able to take up, process, and cross\u2010present exogenous cell\u2010bound and soluble Ags, this was significantly impaired relative to lymph node DCs. Importantly, however, systemic chemotherapy using gemcitabine reversed the defect in Ag cross\u2010presentation of tumor DCs. These data demonstrate that DC cross\u2010presentation within the tumor microenvironment is defective, but can be reversed by chemotherapy. These results have important implications for anticancer therapy, particularly regarding the use of immunotherapy in conjunction with cytotoxic chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201444722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]],"date-time":"2014-10-15T09:04:44Z","timestamp":1413363884000},"page":"49-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Tumor\u2010infiltrating dendritic cells exhibit defective cross\u2010presentation of tumor antigens, but is reversed by chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Alison M.","family":"McDonnell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Nedlands WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem Joost","family":"Lesterhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Nedlands WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Khong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Nedlands WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Nedlands WA Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital  Nedlands WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Lake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia  Nedlands WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Currie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University  Murdoch WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce W. 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