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The roles of secreted and membrane IL\u20101\u03b1 in acute liver inflammation are still not known. Here, we examined the functions of secreted and membrane IL\u20101\u03b1 in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced acute liver injury. We show that secreted IL\u20101\u03b1 aggravates liver damage and membrane IL\u20101\u03b1 slightly protects mice from liver injury. Further studies showed that secreted IL\u20101\u03b1 promotes T\u2010cell activation. It also increased the expansion of CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Gr1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>myeloid cells, which may serve as a negative regulator of acute liver inflammation. Moreover, secreted IL\u20101\u03b1 induced IL\u20106 production from hepatocytes. IL\u20106 neutralization reduced the proliferation of CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Gr1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>myeloid cells in vivo. CCL2 and CXCL5 expression was increased by secreted IL\u20101\u03b1 in vitro and in vivo. Antagonists of the chemokine receptors for CCL2 and CXCL5 significantly reduced the migration of CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Gr1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>myeloid cells. These results demonstrate that secreted and membrane IL\u20101\u03b1 play different roles in acute liver injury. Secreted IL\u20101\u03b1 could promote T\u2010cell activation and the recruitment and expansion of CD11b<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Gr1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>myeloid cells through induction of CCL2, CXCL5, and IL\u20106. The controlled release of IL\u20101\u03b1 could be a critical regulator during acute liver inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201445195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,13]],"date-time":"2015-04-13T10:20:52Z","timestamp":1428920452000},"page":"2084-2098","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Secreted IL\u20101\u03b1 promotes T\u2010cell activation and expansion of CD11b<sup>+<\/sup>Gr1<sup>+<\/sup>cells in carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced liver injury in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Dandan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular 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